| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Dakota Food, Spice Berries used to flavor meat. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Dakota Food, Spice Dried fruit pounded to make a condiment used for seasoning meat in cooking. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 362 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Houma Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of bark taken for sore throat. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 57 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Houma Drug, Venereal Aid Compound decoction of bark with powdered shells taken for venereal disease. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 57 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Iroquois Drug, Abortifacient Decoction taken 'for suppressed menses in girls, cause: working in the sun.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Compound decoction taken by 'women when they catch cold with the menses.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Iroquois Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of bark used as 'woman's medicine' and regulated menses. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 306 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Keres, Western Food, Fruit Berries used extensively for food. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Kiowa Food, Fruit Berries pounded into a paste like consistency, molded onto a stick and baked over an open fire. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 23 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Kiowa Other, Fuel Wood used as fuel for the altar fire in the peyote ceremony. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 22 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Meskwaki Drug, Veterinary Aid Inner bark fed to ponies as a conditioner. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 250 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Meskwaki Food, Porridge Ground, hard berries made into a mush. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 265 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Omaha Food, Fruit Berries used occasionally for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |
| Celtis occidentalis L. Common Hackberry USDA CEOC |
Pawnee Food, Fruit Berries pounded fine, mixed with a little fat and parched corn and used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 76 |