| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Bella Coola Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of bark taken for cough. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Bella Coola Drug, Dermatological Aid Leaves chewed and used for itchy skin and boils. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 203 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Bella Coola Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed leaves used on itch, boils and gonorrheal sores and bark used for sores. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Bella Coola Drug, Venereal Aid Poultice of chewed leaves or toasted bark applied to gonorrheal sores. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Bella Coola Food, Forage Berries eaten by birds. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 203 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Blackfoot Drug, Cathartic Infusion of berries used as a cathartic and emetic to cleanse the body. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 67 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Blackfoot Drug, Emetic Infusion of berries used as a cathartic and emetic to cleanse the body. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 67 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Blackfoot Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of berries used for stomach troubles. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 67 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Blackfoot Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of berries used for chest troubles. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 67 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of crushed leaves applied to open sores. Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 77 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of leaves used to bathe sore eyes. Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 77 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Dermatological Aid Compound decoction of stems taken for body sores. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound decoction of stems taken for constitutional weakness or paralysis. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Stimulant Compound decoction of stems taken for constitutional weakness. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of bark used daily as an eyewash. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Gitksan Drug, Eye Medicine Fresh juice of berries or infusion of inner bark used in sore eyes. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Gitksan Drug, Eye Medicine Fruit juice used for sore eyes. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Gitksan Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of inner bark used for sore eyes. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Hesquiat Dye, Purple Mashed berries boiled to make a purple paint. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Hesquiat Food, Forage Berries eaten by crows and other birds. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Analgesic Chewed leaves with yellow cedar rubbed on painful places. Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 382 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Analgesic Compound infusion of bark used as foot bath for painful legs and feet. Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 380 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Plant used in sweatbaths for arthritis and rheumatism. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Chewed leaves rubbed on sores. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Leaves chewed with yellow cedar and rubbed on painful places. Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 380 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark, berries or leaves and grease applied to swellings or sores. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of bark applied to women's breasts to make milk flow. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Herbal Steam Plant used in sweatbaths for arthritis and rheumatism. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 266 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound decoction of bark used as foot bath for leg and foot pains. Boas, Franz, 1966, Kwakiutl Ethnography, Chicago. University of Chicago Press, page 380 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound infusion of bark used as a soak for sore feet and legs. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl Drug, Orthopedic Aid Infusion of leaves or roots applied as poultice to swollen shoulders and feet. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Kwakiutl, Southern Drug, Analgesic Poultice of bark and berries or leaves, fresh sea wrack and alder bark applied for aches and pains. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 260 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Makah Drug, Dermatological Aid Mashed fruit applied to the scalp for dandruff. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 317 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Makah Drug, Emetic Fruit used as an emetic. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 317 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Makah Drug, Gynecological Aid Leaves chewed by women during confinement. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 48 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Makah Drug, Poison Fruit considered poisonous. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 317 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Makah Dye, Unspecified Fruit used as a dye for basketry materials. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 317 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Montana Indian Food, Winter Use Food Fruit dried and stored for winter use. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 15 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Leaves used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 45 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Emetic Leaves used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 45 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Nitinaht Drug, Psychological Aid Buds eaten in spring or bark rubbed on body as a tonic for nervous breakdowns. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Nootka, Manhousat Drug, Love Medicine Decoction of bark or fresh bark eaten by whalers to relieve effects of sexual abstinence. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 99 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Nuxalkmc Drug, Cough Medicine Leaves or bark used for coughs. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Nuxalkmc Drug, Dermatological Aid Leaves or bark used for boils and itchy areas. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Nuxalkmc Drug, Venereal Aid Leaves or bark used for gonorrhea. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 229 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gynecological Aid Branches used to make a medicine for mothers after childbirth. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Poison Berries considered poisonous. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Forage Berries eaten by bears. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 94 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Okanagon Food, Fruit Fruits occasionally used for food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Lonicera involucrata Banks ex Spreng. Twinberry Honeysuckle USDA LOINI |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 89 |