| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Acoma Food, Dried Food Fruits dried for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Acoma Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Apache Food, Bread & Cake Berries ground and meal made into sweet, blackish cakes. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Preserves Fruit cooked to make a preserve. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Winter Use Food Fruits ground, pressed and saved for winter. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Cheyenne Food, Fruit Fresh or pounded, dried berries and pits used to make berry pemmican. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 177 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Cheyenne Food, Winter Use Food Pounded berries and pits made into flat cakes and sun dried for winter use. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 177 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Cochiti Food, Dried Food Fruits dried for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Cochiti Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Dakota Food, Fruit Fresh fruit used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Dakota Food, Winter Use Food Fruit pounded to a pulp, made into small cakes, dried in the sun and stored for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 364 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Great Basin Indian Dye, Red Fruit used to make a dark red dye. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Great Basin Indian Dye, Red-Brown Inner bark used to make a red-brown dye. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Great Basin Indian Food, Dried Food Mashed berries dried for winter use. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Isleta Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Strong, supple, straight-grained limbs used to make bows. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 40 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Keres, Western Drug, Cough Medicine Bark made into a cough medicine. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Keres, Western Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Keres, Western Food, Winter Use Food Fruit dried for winter use. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Keres, Western Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood, backed with sinew, made into bows. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Kiowa Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh and dried in large quantities for winter use. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Kiowa Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Kiowa Food, Winter Use Food Fruit dried in large quantities for winter use. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Kiowa Food, Winter Use Food Fruit eaten fresh and dried in large quantities for winter use. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Laguna Food, Dried Food Fruits dried for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Laguna Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo Drug, Unspecified Fruit and seeds ground raw, patted into a cake, sun dried and used for medicinal purposes. Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 222 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo Food, Porridge Fruits cooked into a gruel with corn meal. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Bread & Cake Fruit ground and made into small cakes. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Winter Use Food Fruit dried for winter use. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Ceremonial Items Stems used to make Evilway and Mountaintopway big hoops and Bear's prayer-stick in Mountaintopway. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 31 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Paiute Other, Designs Flower used as the favorite basket pattern. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 48 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Pueblo Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh or cooked. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
San Felipe Food, Dried Food Fruits dried for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
San Felipe Food, Fruit Fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Drug, Unspecified Decoction of branches taken as medicine. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Beverage Branches used to make a beverage. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Bread & Cake Berries mashed, mixed with dried salmon into a pemmican, formed into cakes, dried and stored. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh or dried. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 101 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Spanish American Food, Preserves Fruits made into jelly and jam. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 46 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Tewa Food, Fruit Berries boiled and eaten. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Tewa Food, Fruit Berries eaten raw. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |
| Prunus virginiana var. melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Black Chokecherry USDA PRVIM |
Tewa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make bows. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 47 |