| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Spice Onions used to flavor soups and gravies. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Vegetable Onions occasionally eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Bella Coola Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten fresh. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Blackfoot Food, Spice Bulbs and leaves used as flavoring. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Blackfoot Food, Vegetable Bulbs and leaves eaten raw. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 23 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Cold Remedy Juice taken for colds. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Juice given to children for hives. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Used as poultice for feet in 'nervous fever.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion taken for colic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Juice taken after 'horsemint tea' for 'gravel and dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Liver Aid Juice taken for 'liver complaints.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pediatric Aid Juice given to children for hives and croup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Juice given to children for croup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of fried plant put on chest for croup. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Juice taken for 'phthisic.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Throat Aid Juice taken for sore throat. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Juice taken after 'horsemint tea' for 'gravel and dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cherokee Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 47 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Clallam Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten raw, cooked in pits or fried with meat. Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 196 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Cree Food, Vegetable Species used for food. Beardsley, Gretchen, 1941, Notes on Cree Medicines, Based on Collections Made by I. Cowie in 1892., Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 28:483-496, page 485 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Flathead Food, Sauce & Relish Bulbs used as condiments. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Flathead Food, Staple Bulbs used as a staple food. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Vegetable Bulbs cooked and eaten and the tops eaten fresh with meat. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 193 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Hoh Food, Unspecified Bulbs pit baked and used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Hopi Food, Spice Used for flavoring before the introduction of the cultivated onion. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 70 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Eaten raw with cornmeal dumplings or fresh piki bread. Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Isleta Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of onions applied externally for infections. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Isleta Drug, Throat Aid Poultice of warm onions applied externally to throat for sore throat. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Isleta Food, Vegetable Bulbs eaten fresh, uncooked or boiled. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Isleta Food, Winter Use Food Bulbs stored for future use. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Keres, Western Food, Vegetable Bulbs used for food. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Klallam Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Kutenai Food, Sauce & Relish Bulbs used as condiments. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Kutenai Food, Staple Bulbs used as a staple food. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 10 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Kwakiutl Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of soaked bulbs applied to sores and swellings. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 272 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Unspecified Bulbs cooked and used for food. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 272 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Makah Drug, Analgesic Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of chewed plants applied to the chest for pleurisy pains. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Makah Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten sparingly. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 24 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Makah Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 338 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Sauce & Relish Bulbs used to make gravies. Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Soup Bulbs used to make soup. Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Spice Leaves finely chopped and used like chives in salads or sauces. Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Vegetable Bulbs cooked with other vegetables. Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Vegetable Roasted bulbs eaten with salt and pepper. Lynch, Regina H., 1986, Cookbook, Chinle, AZ. Navajo Curriculum Center, Rough Rock Demonstration School, page 29 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo Food, Winter Use Food Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Dried Food Bulbs, never the tops, dried for the winter. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Unspecified Bulbs, never the tops, eaten raw, with fried or boiled meat. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20 |
| Allium cernuum Roth Nodding Onion USDA ALCEC2 |
Nitinaht Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 338 |