| Pinus edulis Engelm. Twoneedle Pinyon USDA PIED |
Zuni Drug, Venereal Aid Needles eaten and infusion of twigs used as a diuretic and diaphoretic for syphilis. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 57, 58 |
| Pinus edulis Engelm. Twoneedle Pinyon USDA PIED |
Zuni Drug, Venereal Aid Powdered gum sprinkled on scraped syphilitic ulcers. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 57, 58 |
| Pinus edulis Engelm. Twoneedle Pinyon USDA PIED |
Zuni Food, Winter Use Food Nuts gathered in great quantities, toasted and stored for winter use. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 70 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Analgesic Decoction of wood bits or bark applied externally as an analgesic. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 167 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of wood or bark used as a bath for aches and pains. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 286 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of roots and buds used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of wood or bark used as a bath for sores and cuts. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 286 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy Decoction of roots and buds used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of roots and buds used for ballgame sickness: sores, back or limb pains and hemorrhoids. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Fiber, Basketry Plant used to make baskets. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Fiber, Building Material Plant used to make houses. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Fiber, Furniture Plant used to make Bighouse seats. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Other, Ceremonial Items Plant used for religious scarification. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Other, Fasteners Plant used to make arrow point glue. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Other, Hide Preparation Plant used for tanning. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Other, Lighting Plant used to make torches. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus elliottii Engelm. Slash Pine USDA PIELE2 |
Seminole Other, Toys & Games Plant used to make ball poles. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 480 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Unspecified Seeds roasted and hulled or sometimes the seeds ground, shell and all and eaten. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Nuts were an important article of food. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 18 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Wood used to make the small bow and arrow used in the Witch and Shooting Chants. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 23 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cough Medicine Plant used as a cough medicine. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Emetic Plant used as a ceremonial emetic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Febrifuge Plant used as medicine for fever. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
| Pinus flexilis James Limber Pine USDA PIFL2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Hunting Medicine Plant smoked by hunters for 'good luck.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 13 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Anthelmintic Given for worms. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Bark chewed 'to check bowels.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Oil used to bathe painful joints. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Syrup taken for chronic rheumatism. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion, steam and oil used in various ways as cold remedy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Cough Medicine Syrup taken by pregnant women with cough. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of tar used on scaldhead, tetterworm, stone bruises and ulcers. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Compound infusion of needles to 'break out fever.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Taken for colics and gout. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound infusion of needles for 'child-bed-fevers.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Syrup taken by pregnant women with cough and poultice used for swollen breasts. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy Compound infusion of root taken for piles. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Taken for 'weak back or kidneys.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Laxative Taken as a gentle laxative. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Taken for gout, to break out measles and for complications from mumps. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Orthopedic Aid Taken for 'weak back or kidneys.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Other Skim turpentine off root decoction and use on deer's skin for drawing plaster. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Compound infusion of needles in apple juice taken by ball players 'for wind.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Syrup taken for 'catarrh (ulcer of the lungs).' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Sedative Given for hysterics. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Stimulant Compound infusion of root taken as a stimulant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Tar used for consumption. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Syrup used as poultice for swollen testicles caused by mumps. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Venereal Aid Syrup taken for chronic rheumatism and venereal disease. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus glabra Walt. Spruce Pine USDA PIGL2 |
Cherokee Other, Incense & Fragrance Needles or gum used to scent soap. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |