| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Pitch made into a salve and used for boils or cuts. The pitch ointment was left on the skin for three or four days. It was said to get quite itchy, but after a while, the pitch was removed with the bandage and then took effect. If the pitch stuck to the skin, it was not ready to remove. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of gum applied to boils, sores and chapped skin. White gum was used as a poultice with buckskin on boils and chronic sores while reddish gum was used on hard, red sores. The reddish gum was mixed with any kind of lard, such as deer fat, strained and used on sores. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Ear Medicine Poultice of warmed gum applied to the ear for earache. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine Boiled gum mixed with grease and used as an ointment for inflamed eyes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 466 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of gum used as an ointment for sore eyes. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 41 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Pediatric Aid Gum used on babies' skin like baby oil. The ointment caused the baby to sleep all the time, just like aspirin. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Sedative Gum used on babies' skin like baby oil causing them to sleep all the time. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Drug, Veterinary Aid Hot gum and animal fat poured on horses' sore or wounds. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 514 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Fiber, Building Material Needles used as insulation on the roofs of pit houses. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Food, Porridge Seeds and whitebark pine seeds placed in a bag, pounded into a powder, mixed with water and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Cambium of young twigs eaten. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 484 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Seeds eaten in small quantities. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 491 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Other, Containers Needles used to line food caches and cellars. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Other, Cooking Tools Needles supported on a framework of poles used for drying cooked berries. The needles were interspersed between layers of dried salmon or any other food being stored. They kept the food dry, but allowed air to circulate around it to prevent spoiling. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Other, Incense & Fragrance Needles inserted into the flesh under the arms by girls who wish their armpits to smell sweet. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 508 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Other, Smoking Tools Plant tops hollowed out with mock orange sticks and used to make the stems of smoking pipes. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson Other, Waterproofing Agent Pitch used to waterproof moccasins and other items. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 104 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson, Upper (Fraser Band) Fiber, Canoe Material Used to make dugout canoes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson, Upper (Fraser Band) Other, Fuel Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) Fiber, Canoe Material Used to make dugout canoes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Thompson, Upper (Lytton Band) Other, Fuel Dry cones mixed with fir bark to make the best smoke for smoking skins. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 499 |
| Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Wintoon Fiber, Basketry Straight stems used for making baskets. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOP |
Tewa of Hano Other, Ceremonial Items Leaves attached to prayer-feathers prepared during December ceremonies. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 41 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Bread & Cake Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Starvation Food Seeds ground, rolled into balls and eaten raw only in times of food scarcity. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Unspecified Bark boiled or eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Plant smoked ceremonially. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Plant used in the Su-ya-lung ceremony. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Hopi Other, Season Indicator Needles attached to prayer sticks to bring cold. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Hopi Other, Tools Wood used to make kiva ladders. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 348 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Jemez Fiber, Building Material Used as timbers for roofs. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 26 |
| Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. Ponderosa Pine USDA PIPOS |
Keres, Western Fiber, Building Material Wood used for logs. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 61 |
| Pinus pungens Lamb. Table Mountain Pine USDA PIPU5 |
Cherokee Fiber, Building Material Wood used for lumber. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus pungens Lamb. Table Mountain Pine USDA PIPU5 |
Cherokee Fiber, Canoe Material Wood used to make thirty to forty foot long canoes. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus pungens Lamb. Table Mountain Pine USDA PIPU5 |
Cherokee Other, Decorations Wood used to carve. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 49 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Drug, Dermatological Aid Pitch used as a face cream by girls to prevent sunburn. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Fiber, Basketry Needles and roots used to make baskets. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Fiber, Building Material Bark used as roofing material in house construction. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Food, Baby Food Nuts used as one of the few foods fed to babies instead of a natural milk diet. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Food, Beverage Ground nuts mixed with water and used as a drink. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Food, Dried Food Cooked, unshelled nuts stored for future use. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Food, Porridge Roasted, shelled nuts eaten whole or ground and made into mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Other, Cash Crop Nuts used as an important trade item. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Other, Fasteners Pitch used as an adhesive for mending pottery and baskets and attaching arrowpoints to shafts. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Other, Fuel Wood, high combustibility, used for firewood and kindling. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Cahuilla Other, Incense & Fragrance Wood, gave off a pleasant odor, used for firewood. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 102 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Diegueno Food, Unspecified Nuts used for food. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 30 |
| Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudworth Parry Pinyon USDA PIQU |
Diegueno Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Hinton, Leanne, 1975, Notes on La Huerta Diegueno Ethnobotany, Journal of California Anthropology 2:214-222, page 215 |
| Pinus resinosa Soland. Red Pine USDA PIRE |
Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule Drug, Cold Remedy Poultice of wetted, inner bark applied to the chest for strong colds. Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 129 |