| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Analgesic Warmed leaves applied to chest for pain. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Roots used for arthritis. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of roots taken as a blood purifier. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Root chewed to soothe the stomach after taking an emetic. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of warmed leaves applied for chest pain. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Drug, Unspecified Roots used medicinally for unspecified purpose. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Other, Containers Leaves used for drying salal berries and to line berry baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Makah Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to cover sprouts while cooking. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 336 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Nitinaht Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of one leaf applied for severe burns. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Nitinaht Other, Containers Large, waxy leaves used as berry containers and for wrapping leftover food. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Nitinaht Other, Cooking Tools Large, waxy leaves used as plates, drinking cups, berry drying racks and steam pit covers. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 78 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Nitinaht Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to make rectangular drying frames for drying mashed salal berries. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 105 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Forage Flower stalks sucked by grizzly and black bears. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Containers Leaves placed over and under the food in steaming pit cooking. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 35 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Oweekeno Food, Forage Roots eaten by bears after emerging from hibernation. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Oweekeno Other, Containers Leaves used to line berry baskets to prevent the berries from falling through holes in the baskets. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Oweekeno Other, Cooking Tools Leaves folded into makeshift cups. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 76 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Drug, Analgesic Leaves used for headaches. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Drug, Febrifuge Leaves used for fevers. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of pounded root taken to bring about easy delivery. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Food, Forage Plants eaten by bears in spring. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Food, Spice Leaves placed over roasting camas, wild onion or garlic for flavoring. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Food, Unspecified Root cooked and eaten. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Other, Containers Leaves used to wrap salal and elder berries while drying. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Other, Containers Leaves wrapped around cooked fruits and buried in swampy regions for preservation. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to wrap red elderberries during baking. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quileute Other, Good Luck Charm Leaves placed under canoe bow pieces to make seals easier to catch. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quinault Drug, Panacea Poultice of leaves applied for many ailments. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Quinault Drug, Urinary Aid Decoction of roots taken to clean out the bladder. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Salish, Coast Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to make water dippers on camping trips. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 73 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Samish Drug, Other Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Samish Other, Containers Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Shuswap Drug, Analgesic Poultice of leaves applied for pain, particularly pains in the knees. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Shuswap Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of leaves applied to sores. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Shuswap Drug, Orthopedic Aid Poultice of leaves applied for pain, particularly pains in the knees. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Shuswap Drug, Panacea Cold infusion of roots taken for any sickness. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 53 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Skokomish Drug, Analgesic Leaves used for headaches. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Skokomish Drug, Cathartic Infusion of roots taken as a physic. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Skokomish Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of leaves applied to cuts and swellings. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Skokomish Drug, Febrifuge Leaves used for fevers. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Skokomish Food, Unspecified Young leaves steamed and eaten. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Swinomish Drug, Other Infusion of roots used as a wash for invalids. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Swinomish Other, Containers Large leaves doubled or rolled and used as cups for drinking or picking berries. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 22 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Charcoal used for wounds. The charcoal was applied four times, the fourth time being mixed with bear grease. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Powdered, charred rhizome mixed with bear grease, used as an ointment for animal bites & infections. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Thompson Drug, Psychological Aid Leaves placed under pillows during sleep or the head washed with charcoal to induce 'power dreams.' Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Thompson Other, Protection Charcoal used as protection against 'witchcraft.' Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 113 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Tolowa Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Roots used in a steam for arthritis and lumbago. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Tolowa Drug, Other Roots used in a steam for stroke. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |