| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Saanich Other, Ceremonial Items Fronds used during initiation dances. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Salish, Coast Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Large, fleshy leaves used to cover floors. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Salish, Coast Other, Cooking Tools Large, fleshy leaves used for laying food on and for spreading on berry drying racks. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 69 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Squaxin Other, Containers Leaves spread on racks for berries to dry. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Swinomish Drug, Throat Aid Raw plant chewed and eaten for sore throats or tonsillitis. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 13 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Thompson Drug, Hunting Medicine Plant rubbed on the hands to bring luck in whaling and sturgeon fishing. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 89 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Rootstocks used for food. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 89 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Thompson Other, Containers Rootstocks used to line the steaming pits for cooking 'Indian potatoes' and other root type foods. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 89 |
| Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl Western Swordfern USDA POMU |
Yurok Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Leaves used for bedding. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 46 |