| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Swinomish Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark taken for scrofula sores. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Swinomish Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of bark taken for stomach troubles. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Swinomish Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of bark taken for scrofula sores. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Swinomish Food, Unspecified Sap taken from the inside of the bark only with the incoming tide and used as food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Swinomish Other, Containers Bark used to line pots for storing elderberries. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 27 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of bark used as a wash for scabby skin, eczema and skin sores. One informant used a concentrated decoction of the bark as a wash for her uncle who had a severe allergic reaction to hops. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Drug, Toothache Remedy Poultice of immature catkins applied to the tooth for toothache. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Dye, Brown Bark boiled in water to make a brown dye and used for mountain goat wool, cloth and other items. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Dye, Red Bark boiled in water to make a red dye and used for mountain goat wool, cloth and other items. The dye was used to color mountain goat wool and other cloth and to deepen the color of basket materials such as bitter cherry bark. Skins were tanned and dyed simultaneously by soaking them in a cooled solution of the bark. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Dye, Red Bark used as a red dye. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 501 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Thompson Other, Fuel Wood used as a fuel for smoking meat. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 188 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Tolowa Dye, Unspecified Bark used to dye fibers. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Tolowa Fiber, Basketry Stems used in basketry. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Wintoon Dye, Red Inner bark chewed and used as a dull red dye. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Yurok Dye, Unspecified Bark used to dye fibers. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |
| Alnus rubra Bong. Red Alder USDA ALRU2 |
Yurok Fiber, Basketry Stems used in basketry. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 16 |