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Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Atsugewi Food, Dried Food
Dried, stored berries soaked in water and eaten.
Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Atsugewi Food, Porridge
Ripe, mashed fruit added to water to form a paste and eaten without cooking.
Garth, Thomas R., 1953, Atsugewi Ethnography, Anthropological Records 14(2):140-141, page 139
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Bella Coola Food, Fruit
Berries used for food.
Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 208
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Cathartic
Infusion of plant and choke cherry cambium taken as a purge.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Ear Medicine
Decoction of berry juice used for eardrops.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 80
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Eye Medicine
Decoction of dried berries or berry juice dripped into the eye and covered with a soft hide piece.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 80
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Berry juice taken for an upset stomach.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Laxative
Berry juice taken as a mild laxative.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 65
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of plant & choke cherry cambium taken by nursing mothers to pass medicinal values to baby.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 68
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Dessert
Berries and buffalo fat used to make a soup eaten as a dessert at feasts.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Dried Food
Berries dried and stored, some with backfat, for future use.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Dried Food
Berries dried for future use.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Fruit
Berries and fat stuffed into an intestine, boiled and eaten like a sausage.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Fruit
Crushed berries, animal fat and dried meat used to make pemmican.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Fruit
Dried berries used to make sausages.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Preserves
Berries used to make preserves.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Snack Food
Berries and red osier dogwood berries used as a favorite snack reserved for men.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Snack Food
Berries used to make tasty snacks.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Soup
Crushed leaves mixed with blood, dried and used to make a rich broth in winter.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Soup
Dried berries used to make soups.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Special Food
Berries used in ritual meals.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Special Food
Berry soup used for most ceremonial events. These ceremonial events included the transfer of a tipi design or the opening of a Medicine Pipe bundle or a Beaver bundle. The woman prepared the soup from berries, assorted roots, fat and water. At an appointed time during the ceremony this soup was served to all participants. The soup was blessed, and an offering of one of the berries was put back into the ground, before eating began. A few mouthfuls were taken; then the remainder of the soup was given to one or another of the women, who would take it home to her children.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Staple
Berries used as a staple food.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Food, Winter Use Food
Crushed berries mixed with flour for winter storage.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 100
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Other, Cash Crop
Dried berries traded for tobacco.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items
Berries, elk manure and tobacco seed planted in small prairie plot in the Tobacco Planting ceremony.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 26
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Other, Ceremonial Items
Forked sticks used in religious rituals.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Shoots used to make arrows.
Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 37
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Blackfoot Other, Toys & Games
Berries used in an harvesting game. Favors were asked while presenting a gift of four of the berries. The receiver was obliged to return the goodwill. Girls played a game while harvesting the berries. After some berries had been gathered the girls would sit together and hold their breath while another called out 'tops, tops, tops' at a regular beat. Each girl put a berry in her bag for every call and the one who held her breath the longest won all the other girls' berries.
Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 107
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Drug, Dietary Aid
Smashed fruits used to improve loss of appetite in children.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Drug, Pediatric Aid
Smashed fruits used to improve loss of appetite in children.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Drug, Unspecified
Smashed fruits used as an ingredient for medicinal mixtures.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Food, Beverage
Leaves used to make a red beverage tea.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Food, Beverage
Leaves used to make tea.
Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Food, Pie & Pudding
Fruits boiled, sugar and flour added and eaten as a pudding.
Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 34
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Food, Special Food
Berries stewed for feasts.
Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cheyenne Food, Winter Use Food
Berries dried for winter use.
Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 176
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Plains Food, Dried Food
Berries crushed, dried and stored for future use.
Mandelbaum, David G., 1940, The Plains Cree, Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 37:202-203, page 202
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Cold Remedy
Decoction of sticks taken for bad colds.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Cough Medicine
Decoction of roots taken for coughs.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Diaphoretic
Decoction of stems and snowberry stems taken to cause sweating.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Febrifuge
Decoction of stems and snowberry stems taken for fevers.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy
Decoction of sticks taken for flu.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Pediatric Aid
Decoction of roots taken for teething sickness.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Pulmonary Aid
Decoction of roots taken for chest pains and lung infections.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Toothache Remedy
Decoction of roots taken for teething sickness.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Fiber, Basketry
Stems used to make rims for birch bark baskets.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Food, Dried Food
Sun dried fruit eaten boiled or pounded into a pemmican.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Food, Dried Food
Sun dried fruit eaten cooked in water or raw as a sweet snack.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28
Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer
Saskatoon Serviceberry
USDA AMALA
Cree, Woodlands Food, Fruit
Fruit eaten fresh.
Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 28