| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic Fresh, small shoots steamed as inhalant for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Chippewa Drug, Herbal Steam Fresh small shoots placed on hot stones as herbal steam for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Chippewa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Used for bows. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 377 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Dakota Food, Soup Nuts used to make soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Dakota Food, Sweetener Hickory chips boiled to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Dakota Food, Sweetener Sap used to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Dakota Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten plain or with honey. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound infusion of bark taken for 'diseases peculiar to women.' Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Tonic Compound infusion of bark taken for 'general debility.' Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Drug, Anthelmintic Compound decoction with white from inside bark taken by adults for worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 297 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of bark applied as a poultice for arthritis. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 297 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of bark taken for arthritis. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 297 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Nut meat oil formerly used for the hair, either alone or mixed with bear grease. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Baby Food Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and oil used as a baby food. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Beverage Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and liquid used as a drink. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fresh nut meats crushed and mixed with bread. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Nuts crushed, mixed with cornmeal and beans or berries and made into bread. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Pie & Pudding Fresh nut meats crushed and mixed with corn pudding. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Nuts pounded, boiled, resulting oil seasoned with salt and used as gravy. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Soup Nut meats crushed and added to corn soup. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Special Food Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and oil used as a delicacy in corn bread and pudding. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Special Food Nut meat oil added to the mush used by the False Face Societies. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Staple Nut meats crushed and added to hominy. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Nut meats, after skimming off the oil, seasoned and mixed with mashed potatoes. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Iroquois Other, Insecticide Nut meat oil mixed with bear grease and used as a preventive for mosquitoes. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Lakota Food, Unspecified Nuts used for food. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 49 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Meskwaki Food, Winter Use Food Nuts stored for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 259 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Edible nuts were appreciated. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 405 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ojibwa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used for making bows. Some are quite particular about the piece of wood they select, choosing a billet from the tree that includes heart wood on one side and sap wood on the other. The heart wood is the front of the bow in use, while the sap wood is nearest the user. It is a wood of general utility. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 419 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Omaha Fiber, Snow Gear Hickory rims used to make snowshoes tied with thongs of rawhide woven across. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Omaha Food, Soup Nuts used to make soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Omaha Food, Sweetener Hickory chips boiled to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Omaha Food, Sweetener Sap used to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Omaha Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten plain or with honey. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Pawnee Food, Soup Nuts used to make soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Pawnee Food, Sweetener Hickory chips boiled to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Pawnee Food, Sweetener Sap used to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Pawnee Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten plain or with honey. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ponca Food, Soup Nuts used to make soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ponca Food, Sweetener Hickory chips boiled to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ponca Food, Sweetener Sap used to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Ponca Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten plain or with honey. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Potawatomi Food, Winter Use Food Hickory nuts gathered for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Potawatomi Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Strong, elastic wood used to make bows and arrows. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 113 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Winnebago Food, Soup Nuts used to make soup. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Winnebago Food, Sweetener Hickory chips boiled to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Winnebago Food, Sweetener Sap used to make sugar. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |
| Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Shagbark Hickory USDA CAOV2 |
Winnebago Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten plain or with honey. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 74 |