| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Juice applied to cut or sore. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Compound infusion used for kidneys. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Meskwaki Drug, Analgesic Infusion of leaf taken for lung pains. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Meskwaki Drug, Cold Remedy Medicine licked to ease labored breathing caused by a cold or other illness. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Meskwaki Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of leaf taken for lung pains. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Meskwaki Drug, Respiratory Aid Medicine of immature florets licked to ease labored breathing from cold, etc. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 246 |
| Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMU |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Sweetener Flowers sucked by children for the sweet nectar. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Arapaho Dye, Blue Area next to the root bark used as a blue dye. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 50 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Navajo Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of plant used as a foot bath for corns. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 150 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Eye Medicine Plant used for sore eyes. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Narcotic Plant used as a narcotic. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Oral Aid Plant used as a mouth wash for canker sores. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Navajo, Kayenta Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 18 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Okanagon Food, Staple Seeds or nuts used as a principle food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 239 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Small, round seeds eaten as nuts by children. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 66 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of plant used as a wash for sores. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 281 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine Fresh roots mixed with woman's milk and used as a wash for sore or inflamed eyes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 459 |
| Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl Pale Bastard Toadflax USDA COUMP |
Ute Drug, Analgesic Roots used for headaches. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 33 |