| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Alaska Native Food, Pie & Pudding Berries mixed with other berries and used to make pie. Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 79 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Alaska Native Food, Preserves Berries mixed with other berries and used to make jelly. Heller, Christine A., 1953, Edible and Poisonous Plants of Alaska, University of Alaska, page 79 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Bella Coola Drug, Cathartic Decoction of green leaves taken as a purgative. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 60 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Diuretic Leafy branches used, especially for children with a fever, as a diuretic. Decoction of leafy branches applied externally, leafy branches ground and mixed with grease applied externally or branch chewed as a diuretic. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 38 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Pediatric Aid Leafy branches used, especially for children with a fever, as a diuretic. Decoction of leafy branches applied externally, leafy branches ground and mixed with grease applied externally or branch chewed as a diuretic. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 38 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Fruit Fruit eaten in the fall. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 38 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Alaska Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Anderson, J. P., 1939, Plants Used by the Eskimo of the Northern Bering Sea and Arctic Regions of Alaska, American Journal of Botany 26:714-16, page 715 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Arctic Food, Frozen Food Berries stored frozen and eaten with seal blubber or oil. Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Arctic Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Porsild, A.E., 1953, Edible Plants of the Arctic, Arctic 6:15-34, page 21 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Dessert Berries cooked with sourdock and eaten as a dessert. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Fruit Berries eaten with oil and sugar or mixed with other berries, sourdock, ice cream or fish livers. This was a favorite food made just the same way and still just as good as it had been for centuries. It was one food one could eat all one wanted, for any meal, day after day and still like it. It was good fresh or leftover and as a main meal, side dish or dessert. The sweet acidic berries and fat fish livers balanced each other and also were exceptionally nutritious. The only limiting factor in how much one ate was picking enough berries and catching enough fish to have the ingredients. The recipe was as follows: pick clean, ripe blackberries, at least one gallon. Save the livers from four, large freshly caught fall trout. Pinch out the bile sack, without breaking it, and discard. Soak the livers in a bowl of cold water while you finish caring for the fish. Rinse the livers, throw out the soak water. Simmer the livers in clean water until just done, five to ten minutes. Lift the livers out to drain and cool. They could be stored a few days this way in the refrigerator. Skim the oil off the broth and save to add. Mash the livers thoroughly in a bowl, every tiny lump, using your hand or a fork. Mix in a little water as you mash to make a smooth paste, like thick hotcake batter. Stir in the whole blackberries until all the paste was taken up coating the berries. No salt or sugar was ever used or needed. Newcomers would prefer trout livers which were mild, but after awhile began to crave the stronger taste and more satisfying oiliness of Tom Cod livers. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Pie & Pudding Berries cooked with blueberries and used to make pie and ice cream. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Pie & Pudding Berries, cornstarch, water and butter used to make pie. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Winter Use Food Berries mixed with salmonberries and stored for winter use. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Winter Use Food Berries stored in seal oil, a seal skin poke or plastic bag for future use. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 92 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Koyukon Food, Beverage Berries eaten by hunters to quench their thirst in the waterless high country. Nelson, Richard K., 1983, Make Prayers to the Raven--A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest, Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, page 55 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 243 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Antidiarrheal Berries cooked and eaten for diarrhea. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction or infusion of stems taken for diarrhea. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of leaves, stems, Hudson bay tea and young spruce tree tip used for colds. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Eye Medicine Cooled decoction of roots used as an eyewash to remove a growth. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of leaves and stems taken for kidney troubles. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Frozen Food Berries frozen for future use. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Berries boiled with sugar and flour to thicken. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Berries eaten raw, plain or mixed raw with sugar, grease or the combination of the two. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Berries fried in grease with sugar or dried fish eggs. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Guedon, Marie-Francoise, 1974, People Of Tetlin, Why Are You Singing?, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 9, page 28 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Pie & Pudding Berries used to make pies. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Preserves Berries used to make jam and jelly. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tanana, Upper Food, Winter Use Food Berries preserved alone or in grease and stored in a birchbark basket in an underground cache. Kari, Priscilla Russe, 1985, Upper Tanana Ethnobotany, Anchorage. Alaska Historical Commission, page 12 |
| Empetrum nigrum L. Black Crowberry USDA EMNIN |
Tsimshian Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 332 |
| Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher Black Crowberry USDA EMNIH |
Eskimo, Alaska Food, Fruit Berries eaten alone. Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
| Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher Black Crowberry USDA EMNIH |
Eskimo, Alaska Food, Ice Cream Berries added to ice cream. Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |
| Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum (Lange ex Hagerup) B”cher Black Crowberry USDA EMNIH |
Eskimo, Alaska Food, Winter Use Food Berries preserved in seal oil for use in fall and winter. Ager, Thomas A. and Lynn Price Ager, 1980, Ethnobotany of The Eskimos of Nelson Island, Alaska, Arctic Anthropology 27:26-48, page 37 |