| Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii (Parl.) Snog. Leopold's Rush USDA JUACL |
Cahuilla Fiber, Basketry Rushes made into baskets used for collecting foods, leaching acorn meal and finely woven baskets. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 80 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Cheyenne Fiber, Basketry Stems formerly used in basket weaving. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 12 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Cheyenne Fiber, Basketry Stems used to weave baskets. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Cheyenne Fiber, Other Used in weaving. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 46 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Cheyenne Other, Decorations Rootlets used to sew patterns for ornamentations on robes or other leather. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Ceremonially associated with water. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 70 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Basketry Split stems used in weaving coiled baskets. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 35 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Klamath Fiber, Basketry Stems used in the weaving of baskets. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 92 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Klamath Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used in the weaving of mats. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 92 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Montana Indian Fiber, Basketry Used for weaving light baskets. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Montana Indian Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used for weaving mats. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Paiute Food, Candy Sugar, formed along tops of plants, gathered and eaten as candy. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 246 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 246 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Paiute, Northern Food, Beverage Stems used to make a fermented drink. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 53 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Panamint Other, Decorations Basal portions of stems used as light yellow-brown decorations for baskets. Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Pomo Fiber, Basketry Used by girls to simulate basket making. Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Pomo Other, Tools Used to hold drilled clamshell beads in place when rolled on a stone slab to smooth them. Gifford, E. W., 1967, Ethnographic Notes on the Southwestern Pomo, Anthropological Records 25:10-15, page 12 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Jewelry Blades used to string clamshell beads to hold them together when being smoothed. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 100 |
| Juncus balticus Willd. Baltic Rush USDA JUARA |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Toys & Games Blades used by children to make play baskets. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 100 |
| Juncus bufonius L. Toad Rush USDA JUBUB |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Infusion of plant taken as an emetic by runners. The runner drank about two quarts the first time, vomited, drank the same quantity and vomited again. The face and body were also washed with the liquid. This was done about three times during the week before the race. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 89 |
| Juncus bufonius var. bufonius Toad Rush USDA JUBUB |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Compound decoction used as wash for the entire body. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Juncus bufonius var. bufonius Toad Rush USDA JUBUB |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Compound decoction taken as an emetic. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Juncus bufonius var. bufonius Toad Rush USDA JUBUB |
Iroquois Drug, Strengthener Compound decoction taken to 'give strength to runners and other athletes.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 279 |
| Juncus dudleyi Wieg. Dudley's Rush USDA JUDU2 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Tiny rush used in the finest mat work and for small pieces. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 419 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Decoction of plant taken as an emetic. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 7 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Drug, Oral Aid Decoction used 'to dislodge spoiled saliva.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Drug, Orthopedic Aid Infusion given to babies to prevent lameness. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion used as a wash to strengthen babies and given to babies to prevent lameness. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Drug, Strengthener Infusion used as a wash to strengthen babies. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Cherokee Fiber, Cordage Used to make string to bind up dough in oak leaves for cooking bread. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 53 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Chippewa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Rushes used for weaving small table mats and other larger mats. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 125 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Chippewa Other, Containers Rushes used for weaving little bags and pouches. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 125 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Hesquiat Fiber, Cordage Tough, round stems dried, twisted or braided and used for tying and binding. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 54 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Karok Drug, Unspecified Stems and leaves placed in the fire and the medicine man prayed over it. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Karok Fiber, Basketry Stems used by young females to practice making baskets. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Basketry Wiry stalks used to make temporary baskets. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 318 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Cordage Wiry stalks used for tying. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 318 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Mendocino Indian Food, Forage Plants eaten by cows and horses in early spring. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 318 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Fodder Plant used to feed horses. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Pomo Fiber, Sporting Equipment Formerly used to make a device for trapping and catching salmon and trout as a sport. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 318 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Snuqualmie Fiber, Cordage Stalks used for tying things. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Snuqualmie Food, Unspecified Early sprouts eaten raw. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Tolowa Fiber, Basketry Stems used by young females to practice making baskets. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Juncus effusus L. Common Rush USDA JUEFE2 |
Yurok Fiber, Basketry Stems used by young females to practice making baskets. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Juncus effusus var. pacificus Fern. & Wieg. Pacific Rush USDA JUEFP |
Cahuilla Fiber, Basketry Rushes made into baskets used for collecting foods, leaching acorn meal and finely woven baskets. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 80 |
| Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. Swordleaf Rush USDA JUEN |
Hoh Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |
| Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. Swordleaf Rush USDA JUEN |
Karok Fiber, Basketry Used in teaching little girls to make baskets. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. Swordleaf Rush USDA JUEN |
Paiute Food, Fodder Rushes used as food for livestock. Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 53 |
| Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. Swordleaf Rush USDA JUEN |
Quileute Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 59 |