| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Iroquois Drug, Kidney Aid Compound decoction of roots taken for the kidneys. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 284 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Montagnais Drug, Analgesic Infusion of plant taken for headache. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 314 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Plant used for headache and sore throat. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Plant used 'to keep the kidneys open during pregnancy.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Kidney Aid Plant used 'to keep the kidneys open during pregnancy.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Throat Aid Plant used for sore throat and headache. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Smoke inhaled for unspecified purpose. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373374 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Potawatomi Drug, Throat Aid Root used for sore throat. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 62, 63 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Potawatomi Food, Fruit Berries eaten, but the preparation as a food was not discovered. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 105 |
| Maianthemum canadense Desf. Canada Beadruby USDA MACA4 |
Potawatomi Other, Good Luck Charm Root used as a good luck charm to win a game. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Bella Coola Food, Fruit Ripe berries occasionally eaten by hunters and berry pickers. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 199 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 198 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Hesquiat Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of whole or mashed leaves used for boils and cuts. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Hesquiat Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Fruit used as a good medicine for tuberculosis. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Hesquiat Food, Fruit Raw fruit eaten with oil. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 55 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Kitasoo Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 321 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Fruit Berries occasionally eaten raw. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 273 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Makah Drug, Reproductive Aid Chewed roots taken to correct sterility. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Nitinaht Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of leaves used for minor burns. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 86 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Nitinaht Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of leaves used for sores, boils, cuts and wounds. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 86 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Oweekeno Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of water soaked, bruised leaves applied to wounds. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 78 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Oweekeno Food, Forage Berries eaten by frogs. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 78 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Quinault Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of pounded roots used as a wash for sore eyes. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 25 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Quinault Drug, Eye Medicine Poultice of chewed roots applied to sore eyes. Willoughby, C., 1889, Indians of the Quinaielt Agency, Washington Territory, Smithsonian Institution Annual Report for 1886, page 276 |
| Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. Twoleaf False Solomon's Seal USDA MADI |
Salish, Coast Food, Fruit Berries occasionally eaten raw. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 76 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie Western Solomon's Seal USDA MARAA |
Karok Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of root applied to the severed umbilical cord of child. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie Western Solomon's Seal USDA MARAA |
Karok Drug, Pediatric Aid Poultice of root applied to the severed umbilical cord of child. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 381 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie Western Solomon's Seal USDA MARAA |
Tewa Food, Fruit Ripe berries eaten. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 70 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Abnaki Drug, Antihemorrhagic Decoction of plant taken for spitting up blood. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 174 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Abnaki Drug, Antihemorrhagic Used by men for spitting up blood. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Abnaki Drug, Antihemorrhagic Used for spitting up blood. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 154 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Infusion of plant used as a tea for sore backs. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 139 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Cherokee Drug, Eye Medicine Cold infusion of root used as a wash for sore eyes. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 56 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic Burning root fumes inhaled for headaches and pain. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 125 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic Compound decoction of root taken for back pain. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Chippewa Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction of root taken for 'female weakness.' Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Costanoan Drug, Contraceptive Decoction of leaves used as a contraceptive. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 28 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Costanoan Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Tonic Compound containing root used as a tonic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 80 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of root, a very strong medicine, taken for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Gitksan Drug, Cathartic Decoction of root, a very strong medicine, taken as a purgative. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of mashed roots bound on cuts. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Gitksan Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of root taken for sore back and kidney trouble. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Gitksan Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of roots taken as a very strong medicine for sore back. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 53 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Hanaksiala Food, Beverage Juice mixed with Pacific crabapples and high bush cranberries and drunk. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 200 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Iroquois Drug, Anthelmintic Compound infusion with whisky taken for tape worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 284 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Iroquois Drug, Antidote Compound infusion taken as remedy for poison. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 283 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Compound infusion used as foot soak. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 283 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Compound decoction taken for rheumatism. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 283 |
| Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum Feather Solomon's Seal USDA MARAR |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Compound infusion with whisky taken as a blood remedy. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 284 |