| Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P. Atlantic White Cedar USDA CHTH2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Poultice of crushed leaves and bark applied for headache. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench Leatherleaf USDA CHCA2 |
Ojibwa Food, Beverage Fresh or dried leaves used as a beverage tea. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 400 |
| Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium Fireweed USDA CHANA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of pounded root applied to boils and carbuncles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 376 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Leaves eaten as greens. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 240 |
| Chenopodium album L. Lambsquarters USDA CHALA |
Ojibwa Food, Vegetable Young plant cooked as greens. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2209 |
| Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart. Pipsissewa USDA CHUMC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of plant used for stomach troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 368 |
| Cicuta maculata L. Spotted Water Hemlock USDA CIMAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Root used in hunting medicine smoked to attract the buck deer near enough to shoot with bow & arrow. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 432 |
| Cicuta maculata L. Spotted Water Hemlock USDA CIMAM |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Root used medicinally. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 390 |
| Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Canadian Thistle USDA CIAR4 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used as a 'bowel tonic.' Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Bull Thistle USDA CIVU |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Root used by men and women for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Bull Thistle USDA CIVU |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Root used by men and women for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 364 |
| Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Yellow Bluebeadlily USDA CLBO3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidote Root applied to draw poison from bite made by dog which has eaten the plant. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373 |
| Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Yellow Bluebeadlily USDA CLBO3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of roots used on wound caused by dog's northern clintonia poisoned teeth. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 430 |
| Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Yellow Bluebeadlily USDA CLBO3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of root used to aid parturition. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 373 |
| Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. Yellow Bluebeadlily USDA CLBO3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Poison Roots chewed by dogs to poison their teeth and kills animals they bite. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 430 |
| Coeloglossum viride var. virescens (Muhl. ex Willd.) Luer Longbract Frog Orchid USDA COVIV |
Ojibwa Drug, Love Medicine Plant used as a sort of love charm and often put to bad use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 431 |
| Coeloglossum viride var. virescens (Muhl. ex Willd.) Luer Longbract Frog Orchid USDA COVIV |
Ojibwa Drug, Love Medicine Root smuggled into another's food as an aphrodisiac. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 377 |
| Comarum palustre L. Purple Marshlocks USDA COPA28 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Plant used alone for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384385 |
| Comarum palustre L. Purple Marshlocks USDA COPA28 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant used for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 384385 |
| Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. Sweet Fern USDA COPE80 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion of leaves taken for flux and stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 375 |
| Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. Sweet Fern USDA COPE80 |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of leaves taken for stomach cramps and flux. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 375 |
| Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. Sweet Fern USDA COPE80 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of leaves taken for stomach cramps and flux. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 375 |
| Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. Sweet Fern USDA COPE80 |
Ojibwa Food, Preservative Leaves used to line buckets when picking blueberries and cover them to prevent spoiling. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 420 |
| Conyza canadensis var. canadensis Canadian Horseweed USDA COCAC3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hunting Medicine Disk florets smoked as one of the hunting charms. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 429 |
| Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Threeleaf Goldthread USDA COTR2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Oral Aid Decoction of root used as a wash for sore mouth and to soothe mouth of teething baby. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383 |
| Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Threeleaf Goldthread USDA COTR2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of root used to soothe mouth of teething baby. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 383 |
| Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Threeleaf Goldthread USDA COTR2 |
Ojibwa Dye, Yellow Golden-colored roots added to other plant dyes to emphasize the yellow color. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 426 |
| Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. Threeleaf Goldthread USDA COTR2 |
Ojibwa Dye, Yellow Roots boiled to obtain a yellow dye. Jenness, Diamond, 1935, The Ojibwa Indians of Parry Island, Their Social and Religious Life, National Museums of Canada Bulletin #78, Anthropological Series #17, page 114 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Emetic Inner bark used as an emetic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Building Material Twigs used for thatching and various other purposes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Ojibwa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Root boiled to wash muskrat traps and make it lure the muskrat. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 429 |
| Cornus alternifolia L. f. Alternateleaf Dogwood USDA COAL2 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Bark used for kinnikinnick. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Cornus canadensis L. Bunchberry Dogwood USDA COCA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of root used for infant colic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366367 |
| Cornus canadensis L. Bunchberry Dogwood USDA COCA13 |
Ojibwa Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion of root used for infant colic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 366367 |
| Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray Dogwood USDA CORA6 |
Ojibwa Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark used for flux. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367 |
| Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray Dogwood USDA CORA6 |
Ojibwa Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy Bark forced into the anus for piles. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 367 |
| Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray Dogwood USDA CORA6 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Bark used to make kinnikinnick for smoking. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 418 |
| Cornus racemosa Lam. Gray Dogwood USDA CORA6 |
Ojibwa Other, Smoke Plant Peeled, toasted, shredded twig bark used in the kinnikinnick or native smoking tobacco. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 399 |
| Cornus sericea L. Redosier Dogwood USDA COSES |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Bark smoked for various ceremonies. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Cornus sericea L. Redosier Dogwood USDA COSES |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Cornus sericea ssp. sericea Redosier Dogwood USDA COSES |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Bark smoked for various ceremonies. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Corydalis aurea Willd. Scrambledeggs USDA COAU2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Root smoke inhaled to clear the head and revive the patient. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 370 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled bark applied to help close and heal cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Dye, Mordant Seed hulls and butternut boiled together and the hull tannic acid sat the black butternut color. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 425 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Basketry Finer twigs used as ribs in making woven baskets for collecting/storing acorns or hard fruits. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Finer twigs bound into a bundle, with the tips sheared, to serve as a broom or brush. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Food, Unspecified Nuts eaten as food and newly gathered nuts before the kernel had hardened were favored. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 397 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Other, Musical Instrument Crooked stick with an enlarged base made the favorite drum stick. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Anthelmintic Hairs of husk used as a medicine to expel worms. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled bark applied to help close and heal cuts. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 359 |