| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Lakota Other, Smoke Plant Leaves mixed with tobacco and smoked. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 32 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Midoo Food, Fruit Berries pounded and eaten. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 312 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Modesse Other, Tools Wood made into the large plug used to keep the pierced ear lobe open on young girls. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Natchez Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of root applied to boils. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 667 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Bark and berries used in medicine ceremoniess. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark and berries used in medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
| Rhus aromatica Ait. Fragrant Sumac USDA RHARA2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound decoction of root taken for diarrhea. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 201 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Drug, Antiemetic Red berries eaten for vomiting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Drug, Burn Dressing Infusion poured over sunburn blisters. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark used as a wash for blisters. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark taken 'to make human milk flow abundantly.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Red berries chewed for bedwetting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Dye, Black Berries used to make black dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Dye, Red Berries used to make red dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Cherokee Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Creek Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of root taken for dysentery. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 659 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Creek Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of roots taken for dysentery. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of leaves used to cleanse and purify skin eruptions. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of roots applied to sores and skin eruptions. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware Drug, Oral Aid Berries used to make mouthwash. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of roots used for venereal disease. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 32 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Leaves and root used in 'ceremonial tobacco mixture.' Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of roots or infusion of leaves used for sores and skin eruptions. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Oral Aid Berries used to make mouthwash. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of root taken for venereal disease. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 26, 78 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Delaware, Oklahoma Other, Ceremonial Items Leaves and root used in ceremonial tobacco mixture. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 78 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Koasati Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of leaves used as a bath and given to babies to make them walk. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Koasati Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of leaves used as a bath and given to babies to make them walk. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Bark and berries used in medicine ceremonies. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
| Rhus copallinum L. Flameleaf Sumac USDA RHCOC |
Ojibwa Drug, Unspecified Bark and berries used for medicinal purposes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 234 |
| Rhus copallinum var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC. Winged Sumac USDA RHCOL |
Seminole Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of plant applied for ant sickness: boils and infections. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 304 |
| Rhus copallinum var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC. Winged Sumac USDA RHCOL |
Seminole Drug, Urinary Aid Decoction of root bark taken for urine retention. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 274 |
| Rhus copallinum var. leucantha (Jacq.) DC. Winged Sumac USDA RHCOL |
Seminole Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of bark taken for gonorrhea. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 274 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Special Food Bark eaten by children as a delicacy. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 44 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Drug, Antiemetic Red berries eaten for vomiting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Drug, Burn Dressing Infusion poured over sunburn blisters. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark used as a wash for blisters. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 36 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark taken 'to make human milk flow abundantly.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Red berries chewed for bedwetting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Dye, Black Berries used to make black dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Dye, Red Berries used to make red dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cherokee Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 57 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Cheyenne Other, Smoke Plant Leaves mixed with tobacco and used for smoking. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 180 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of 'growth which sometimes appears on the tree' used for dysentery. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of roots taken for colds. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Emetic Infusion of roots taken as an emetic. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Oral Aid Blossoms chewed for sore mouth. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Oral Aid Compound decoction of blossoms used as mouthwash for teething children. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Pediatric Aid Compound decoction of flower used as a mouthwash for teething child. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 342 |
| Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac USDA RHGL |
Chippewa Drug, Respiratory Aid Infusion of plants taken for asthma. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 135 |