| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic Infusion of roots taken as a cathartic by women during menses. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Infusion of roots taken as an emetic by women during menses. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of roots taken as an emetic and cathartic by women during menses. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 30 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Cheyenne Food, Fruit Berries always eaten fresh. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 177 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of root taken for dysentery. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 344 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of root bark used as a wash for cataracts. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 360 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of roots or stems taken for measles. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Food, Beverage Twigs used to make a beverage. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 317 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Food, Bread & Cake Berries cooked, spread on birch bark into little cakes, dried and stored for winter use. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Food, Fruit Berries eaten raw. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 321 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Chippewa Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 132 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Dakota Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Dakota Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Dakota Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Beverage Leaves mixed with young Nootka rose leaves to make tea. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 274 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 274 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Hoh Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Hoh Food, Fruit Fruits stewed and used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Hoh Food, Winter Use Food Fruits canned and saved for future food use. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 63 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Iroquois Food, Dried Food Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Iroquois Food, Fruit Dried fruit taken as a hunting food. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 127 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Kitasoo Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 345 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Menominee Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 71 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Meskwaki Drug, Adjuvant Root used as a seasoner in medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 243 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Montana Indian Food, Fruit Fruit was highly esteemed. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 22 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Adjuvant Berries used as a seasoner for medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 386 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of root bark used for sore eyes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 386 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Berries used dried. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2223 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Berries used fresh. Arnason, Thor, Richard J. Hebda and Timothy Johns, 1981, Use of Plants for Food and Medicine by Native Peoples of Eastern Canada, Canadian Journal of Botany 59(11):2189-2325, page 2223 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 235 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit This was a favorite fresh fruit. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa Food, Preserves Berries used to make jam for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 410 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Analgesic Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of crushed root taken for stomach pain. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Omaha Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of scraped root given to children for bowel trouble. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84, 85 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Omaha Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of scraped root given to children for bowel trouble. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84, 85 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Omaha Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Omaha Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Omaha Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 111 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Pawnee Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Pawnee Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Pawnee Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ponca Food, Beverage Young leaves steeped to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ponca Food, Dried Food Fruit dried for winter use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |
| Rubus idaeus ssp. strigosus (Michx.) Focke Grayleaf Red Raspberry USDA RUIDS2 |
Ponca Food, Fruit Fruit eaten fresh. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 84 |