| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Abnaki Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Used as a medicine for rheumatism. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Abnaki Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of leaves taken for rheumatism. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 164 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Abnaki Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Infusion of leaves taken for rheumatism. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 163 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Abnaki Drug, Dermatological Aid Used for 'slight' itches. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of branches boiled down to a thick syrup or paste and used as a poultice for arthritis. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of inner bark taken for colds. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of inner bark applied externally to eczema and other similar skin conditions. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Disinfectant Poultice of crushed branch tips applied to the infected navel of an infant. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Gynecological Aid Used in the sudatory by women experiencing complications in childbirth and for other complaints. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Pediatric Aid Poultice of crushed branch tips applied to the infected navel of an infant. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Unspecified Decoction of branches used as a medicinal tea. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Unspecified Used in the sudatory by women experiencing complications in childbirth and for other complaints. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 125 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Root chewed 'to check bowels.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark used for itching armpits. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction used to aid in expelling afterbirth. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of stem tips taken for kidneys. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Dye, Red-Brown Bark used to make a rosy-tan dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Fiber, Basketry Inner bark used to make baskets. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Fiber, Building Material Wood used for lumber. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Other, Paper Wood used for pulpwood. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Cherokee Other, Preservative Bark used as a source for tannic acid. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of twigs taken for dysentery. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Drug, Hemostat Pulverized inner bark applied to wounds as a styptic. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 356 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Dye, Red-Brown Bark used to make a mahogany colored dye. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 371 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Fiber, Building Material Bark strips used for wigwam coverings. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Food, Beverage Leaves used to make a beverage. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 317 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Chippewa Other, Cleaning Agent Boiled bark used to make a wash to clean rust from steel traps and to prevent further rusting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 123 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Delaware Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Hot infusion of roots or twigs used as a steam treatment for muscular swellings and stiff joints. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 36 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of roots or twigs used as herbal steam for rheumatism. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 30, 80 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Herbal Steam Infusion of roots or twigs used as herbal steam for rheumatism. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 30 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Steam from decoction of leaves and bark used for rheumatism and as a foot soak. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Compound decoction taken for rheumatism. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Fermented compound decoction taken when 'blood gets bad and cold.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Cold infusion of twigs and bark taken for mild colds with fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of smashed needles taken for colds. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of twigs and bark taken for colds. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Cough Medicine Compound decoction taken for coughs. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Diaphoretic Infusion of twigs and bark taken to induce sweating. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Cold infusion of twigs and bark taken for mild colds with fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Fermented compound decoction taken for fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Compound decoction taken for cholera. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Orthopedic Aid Fermented compound decoction taken for soreness. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Stimulant Fermented compound decoction taken when a 'person is tired.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 268 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound decoction taken during early stages of consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Drug, Venereal Aid Compound powder poultice 'put in bag, place penis in bag and tie around waist.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 269 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Iroquois Food, Beverage Branches and maple water used to make tea. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 36 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Malecite Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of inside bark used for diarrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 255 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Malecite Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of young bark and fir buds or cones used for diarrhea. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 244 |
| Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Eastern Hemlock USDA TSCA |
Malecite Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of boughs used for colds. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 249 |