| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Dakota Other, Toys & Games Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Berries considered 'good' for the blood. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Iroquois Drug, Liver Aid Berries considered 'good' for the liver. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Iroquois Food, Fruit Berries used as a favorite autumn food. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 96 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Meskwaki Drug, Analgesic Decoction of root taken by 'one who feels pain over his entire body.' Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 208 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Micmac Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Bark used for swollen glands and mumps. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 63 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Montagnais Drug, Eye Medicine Decoction of plant used as a salve for sore eyes. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 316 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Ojibwa Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 237 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Omaha Other, Toys & Games Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Pawnee Other, Toys & Games Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Penobscot Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Infusion of berries taken for swollen glands and mumps. Speck, Frank G., 1917, Medicine Practices of the Northeastern Algonquians, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Americanists Pp. 303-321, page 310 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Ponca Other, Toys & Games Stalks without the pith used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Shuswap Food, Fruit Berries eaten raw. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Shuswap Food, Preserves Berries made into jelly. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 61 |
| Viburnum opulus L. European Cranberrybush Viburnu USDA VIOPO |
Winnebago Other, Toys & Games Stalks, without the pith, used to make popguns in the absence of elderberry. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 115 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Algonquin, Quebec Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 107 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Algonquin, Quebec Food, Preserves Berries made into preserves. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 107 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Chippewa Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of roots taken for prolapsus of the uterus. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 141 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Chippewa Food, Sauce & Relish Fresh and dried fruits used as an acid sauce. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 141 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Chippewa Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Fruit used as bait for snares set for snowshoe rabbits before guns had come into common use. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 141 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of plants taken as a blood purifier and blood medicine. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of bark taken to vomit for bad blood. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Compound infusion of plants taken for colds and fevers. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Infusion of bark taken to vomit for bad blood and fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Decoction of roots given to babies with fevers. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Infusion of bark taken to vomit for fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction of stalks taken to prevent hemorrhage after childbirth. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of branches taken for fallen womb after birth. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Heart Medicine Compound decoction of root taken to regulate the heart and as blood medicine. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Kidney Aid Compound decoction of roots taken for fevers and kidneys. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Laxative Infusion of bark taken as a laxative. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Pediatric Aid Compound infusion of roots taken as blood purifier or for prenatal strength. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of roots given to babies with fevers. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Pulmonary Aid Compound decoction of bark taken by fat people who have difficulty breathing. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 446 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Strengthener Compound infusion of roots taken as blood purifier or for prenatal strength. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 447 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fruit mashed, made into small cakes and dried for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Food, Dried Food Raw or cooked fruit sun or fire dried and stored for future use. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Food, Fruit Dried fruit taken as a hunting food. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Iroquois Food, Sauce & Relish Dried fruit cakes soaked in warm water and cooked as a sauce or mixed with corn bread. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 128 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Menominee Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 63 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Analgesic Infusion of inner bark taken for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Cathartic Infusion of inner bark taken as a physic. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Ojibwa Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of inner bark taken for stomach cramps. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 361 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Okanagon Food, Fruit Fruits occasionally used for food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |
| Viburnum opulus var. americanum Ait. American Cranberry Viburnum USDA VIOPA2 |
Thompson Food, Fruit Fruits occasionally used for food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 38 |