| Xanthium strumarium L. Rough Cockleburr USDA XASTS |
Costanoan Drug, Urinary Aid Decoction of seeds used for bladder ailments. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 28 |
| Xanthium strumarium L. Rough Cockleburr USDA XASTS |
Lakota Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Used as a medicine in ceremonies. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 40 |
| Xanthium strumarium L. Rough Cockleburr USDA XASTS |
Paiute, Northern Drug, Oral Aid Burs rubbed on sore gums to take the pain, poison and blood out. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 130 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Blood Medicine Roots and leaves used as a blood medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 161 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground and used to make bread. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 161 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Costanoan Food, Staple Seeds eaten in pinole. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Houma Drug, Febrifuge Decoction of root taken for high fever. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 60 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Keres, Western Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of ground, seed powder used on open sores or saddle galls. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Keres, Western Other, Paint Ground, seed powder used as a blue paint for the mask dancers. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 74 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Koasati Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of roots taken to remove the afterbirth. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 64 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Mahuna Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Plant used for rheumatism. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Mahuna Drug, Kidney Aid Plant used for diseased kidneys. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Mahuna Drug, Orthopedic Aid Plant used for total paralysis. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Mahuna Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Plant used for tuberculosis. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Mahuna Drug, Venereal Aid Plant used for gonorrhea. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 69 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Navajo Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant used as a liniment for the armpit to remove excessive perspiration. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 90 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Navajo Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant used to decrease perspiration. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 164 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Ceremonial Items Leaf ash used as ceremonial blackening. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 54 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of burs taken for diarrhea. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 97 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Drug, Eye Medicine Pulp mixed with soot and used for sore eyes. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 80 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Drug, Eye Medicine Pulp used for sore eyes. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 97 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Drug, Laxative Decoction of burs taken for constipation. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 97 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Drug, Veterinary Aid Poultice of leaves applied to screw worm sores in livestock. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 97 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Pima Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used in roasting pits as containers for beans. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 45 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Rappahannock Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of seeds used as salve for sores. Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 31 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Rappahannock Drug, Panacea Compound decoction used for complaint. Speck, Frank G., R.B. Hassrick and E.S. Carpenter, 1942, Rappahannock Herbals, Folk-Lore and Science of Cures, Proceedings of the Delaware County Institute of Science 10:7-55., page 30 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Tewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Plant used for diarrhea. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Tewa Drug, Antiemetic Plant used for vomiting. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Tewa Drug, Pediatric Aid Plant used as fumigant for children with urinary disorders. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Tewa Drug, Urinary Aid Plant used as fumigant for children with urinary disorders. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 49 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Zuni Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Chewed seeds rubbed on body prior to cactus ceremony to protect from spines. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 62, 63 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Zuni Drug, Dermatological Aid Compound poultice of seeds applied to wounds or used to remove splinters. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 62, 63 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Zuni Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground with corn meal, made into cakes or balls, steamed and used for food. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 71 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray Canada Cockleburr USDA XASTC |
Zuni Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground, mixed with corn meal, made into pats and steamed. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 54 |
| Xanthium strumarium var. glabratum (DC.) Cronq. Rough Cockleburr USDA XASTG |
Iroquois Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Plant used in a witching medicine. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469 |