| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Bulbs washed and eaten raw with broken waferbread dipped in water. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 53 |
| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Dipped in water with broken wafer bread and eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Isleta Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten raw or boiled. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Laguna Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Tewa Food, Unspecified Bulbs washed and eaten raw with broken waferbread dipped in water. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 53 |
| Allium cernuum var. obtusum Cockerell ex J.F. Macbr. Nodding Onion USDA ALCEO |
Tewa Food, Unspecified Dipped in water with broken wafer bread and eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium dichlamydeum Greene Coastal Onion USDA ALDI2 |
Pomo, Kashaya Food, Vegetable Greens and bulb eaten raw or cooked with potatoes or meats for flavoring. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 86 |
| Allium douglasii Hook. Douglas' Onion USDA ALDO |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Dried Food Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38 |
| Allium douglasii Hook. Douglas' Onion USDA ALDO |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Vegetable Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38 |
| Allium drummondii Regel Drummond's Onion USDA ALDR |
Cheyenne Food, Spice Boiled with meat, when salt scarce, to flavor the food. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 171 |
| Allium drummondii Regel Drummond's Onion USDA ALDR |
Cheyenne Food, Unspecified Bulbs formerly boiled with meat and used for food. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 12 |
| Allium drummondii Regel Drummond's Onion USDA ALDR |
Cheyenne Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 45 |
| Allium drummondii Regel Drummond's Onion USDA ALDR |
Lakota Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 27 |
| Allium drummondii Regel Drummond's Onion USDA ALDR |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Unspecified Bulbs boiled with meat. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 20 |
| Allium falcifolium Hook. & Arn. Scytheleaf Onion USDA ALFA3 |
Shoshoni Food, Spice Bulbs used for seasoning. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 14 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Apache Food, Unspecified Bulbs used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Spice Onions used to flavor soups and gravies. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Vegetable Onions occasionally eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 47 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Hopi Food, Spice Used for flavoring before the introduction of the cultivated onion. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 70 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Eaten raw with cornmeal dumplings or fresh piki bread. Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Dried Food Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38 |
| Allium geyeri S. Wats. Geyer's Onion USDA ALGEG |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Vegetable Bulbs dried, pit cooked and eaten. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 38 |
| Allium geyeri var. tenerum M.E. Jones Bulbil Onion USDA ALGET |
Keres, Western Food, Spice Bulbs used largely for seasoning. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Allium geyeri var. tenerum M.E. Jones Bulbil Onion USDA ALGET |
Pueblo Food, Spice Bulbs used for seasoning. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium hyalinum Curran Glassy Onion USDA ALHY |
Tubatulabal Food, Unspecified Leaves, stalks and heads used for food. Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 12 |
| Allium lacunosum S. Wats. Pitted Onion USDA ALLAL |
Tubatulabal Food, Unspecified Leaves, stalks and heads used for food. Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 12 |
| Allium macropetalum Rydb. Largeflower Wild Onion USDA ALMA4 |
Navajo Food, Dried Food Bulbs rubbed in hot ashes, dried and stored for winter use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium macropetalum Rydb. Largeflower Wild Onion USDA ALMA4 |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Bulbs rubbed in hot ashes and eaten. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 15 |
| Allium macropetalum Rydb. Largeflower Wild Onion USDA ALMA4 |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, and eaten immediately. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
| Allium macropetalum Rydb. Largeflower Wild Onion USDA ALMA4 |
Navajo Food, Vegetable Entire plant eaten raw or cooked with meat. Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 221 |
| Allium macropetalum Rydb. Largeflower Wild Onion USDA ALMA4 |
Navajo Food, Winter Use Food Onions singed, to remove the strong taste, dried and stored for winter use. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 31 |
| Allium nevadense S. Wats. Nevada Onion USDA ALNE |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Whole plant eaten raw. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
| Allium parvum Kellogg Small Onion USDA ALPA3 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Dried Food Bulbs dried and eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
| Allium parvum Kellogg Small Onion USDA ALPA3 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Soup Bulbs dried, ground and cooked in soup. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 44 |
| Allium peninsulare J.G. Lemmon ex Greene Mexicali Onion USDA ALPEP2 |
Tubatulabal Food, Unspecified Leaves, stalks and heads used for food. Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 12 |
| Allium platycaule S. Wats. Broadstemmed Onion USDA ALPL2 |
Paiute Food, Sauce & Relish Leaves eaten as a relish. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium platycaule S. Wats. Broadstemmed Onion USDA ALPL2 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Bulbs roasted and used for food. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium platycaule S. Wats. Broadstemmed Onion USDA ALPL2 |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Seeded heads placed in hot ashes for a few minutes, seeds extracted and eaten. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium pleianthum S. Wats. Manyflower Onion USDA ALPL3 |
Paiute Food, Sauce & Relish Green leaves eaten as a relish. Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 102 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule Food, Spice Bulbs mixed with food and eaten. Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 118 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Carminative Used as a carminative. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic Used as a mild cathartic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Diuretic Used as a diuretic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Ear Medicine Used 'to remove deafness.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Expectorant Used as an expectorant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Used for 'dropsy.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Used for scurvy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pediatric Aid Tincture used to prevent worms and colic in children and used as a croup remedy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Tincture used to prevent worms and colic in children and used as a croup remedy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |
| Allium sativum L. Cultivated Garlic USDA ALSA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Used for asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 35 |