| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Cherokee Food, Substitution Food Uncooked seeds substituted for pinto beans in bean bread. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 46 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Beans used for food. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Roots cooked like potatoes. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 46 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Chippewa Food, Vegetable Tubers eaten. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 133 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Dakota Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Delaware Food, Bread & Cake Roots dried, ground into flour and made into bread. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 59 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Delaware Food, Unspecified Roots boiled and eaten as the cultivated potato. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 59 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Delaware Food, Winter Use Food Tuberous roots used as winter food. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 59 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Huron Food, Starvation Food Roots used with acorns during famine. Aller, Wilma F., 1954, Aboriginal Food Utilization of Vegetation by the Indians of the Great Lake Region As Recorded in the Jesuit Relations, Wisconsin Archeologist 35:59-73, page 63 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Tubers eaten. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Menominee Food, Vegetable Roots cooked with maple sugar and superior to candied yams. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 68 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Menominee Food, Winter Use Food Peeled, parboiled, sliced roots dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 68 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Meskwaki Food, Vegetable Root stocks eaten raw. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 259 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Meskwaki Food, Winter Use Food Root stocks peeled, parboiled, sliced and dried for winter use. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 259 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Mohegan Food, Cooking Agent Dried roots ground into a flour and used for thickening stews. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 83 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Mohegan Food, Unspecified Fresh or dried roots cooked and used for food. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 83 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Omaha Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Omaha Food, Unspecified Thickened root boiled until the skin came off and used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 325 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Omaha Food, Vegetable Nuts boiled, peeled and eaten as a vegetable. Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 341 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Pawnee Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Ponca Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Potawatomi Food, Vegetable Wild potato was appreciated. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 103 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Seminole Food, Unspecified Plant used for food. Sturtevant, William, 1954, The Mikasuki Seminole: Medical Beliefs and Practices, Yale University, PhD Thesis, page 492 |
| Apios americana Medik. Groundnut USDA APAM |
Winnebago Food, Unspecified Roasted or boiled tubers used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |