| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Algonquin, Quebec Drug, Unspecified Infusion of plant used for many medicinal purposes. Black, Meredith Jean, 1980, Algonquin Ethnobotany: An Interpretation of Aboriginal Adaptation in South Western Quebec, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series Number 65, page 151 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Leaves chewed or infusion taken for dysentery. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Cherokee Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion taken for colds. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for the stomach. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Infusion of bark taken for 'milky urine.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 25 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Chippewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Decoction of bark taken for diarrhea. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 128 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Chippewa Drug, Pulmonary Aid Bark used for pulmonary troubles and decoction of bark taken for pneumonia. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 128 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Compound decoction taken when the 'blood gets bad and cold.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Compound infusion taken by women 'when they catch cold with the menses.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Compound decoction taken for fever. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction taken by women who have had gonorrhea and are pregnant. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound decoction taken for soreness. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Stimulant Compound decoction taken 'when a person tires.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Drug, Unspecified 'Highly valued medicine because it sustains the deer, the mainstay of life.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 300 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Iroquois Food, Beverage Twigs steeped into a beverage. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 148 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Mohegan Drug, Tonic Complex compound infusion including black birch bark taken as spring tonic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1928, Mohegan Medicinal Practices, Weather-Lore and Superstitions, SI-BAE Annual Report #43: 264-270, page 266 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Mohegan Drug, Tonic Inner bark used to make a tonic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 70, 128 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Ojibwa Fiber, Building Material Bark used to build dwellings and lodges. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Ojibwa Fiber, Canoe Material Bark used to make birch bark canoes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Ojibwa Other, Ceremonial Items Bark placed on the coffins when burying the dead. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Ojibwa Other, Containers Bark used to make storage containers, sap dishes, rice baskets, buckets, trays and winnowing dishes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |
| Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch USDA BELE |
Ojibwa Other, Cooking Tools Bark used to make dishes. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 241 |