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Castilleja affinis Hook. & Arn.
Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAFA2
Costanoan Drug, Dermatological Aid
Decoction of plant used as a wash or powdered plant applied to infected sores.
Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 15
Castilleja affinis Hook. & Arn.
Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAFA2
Costanoan Drug, Disinfectant
Decoction of plant used as a wash or powdered plant applied to infected sores.
Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 15
Castilleja affinis Hook. & Arn.
Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAFA2
Hopi Other, Decorations
Used by maidens to deck their hair on holiday occasions.
Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 19
Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don
Northwestern Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAANA3
Navajo Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Plant used for stomach troubles.
Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 96
Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don
Northwestern Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAANA3
Quileute Drug, Abortifacient
Infusion of whole plant taken to regulate menstruation.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 46
Castilleja angustifolia (Nutt.) G. Don
Northwestern Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAANA3
Shuswap Drug, Eye Medicine
Decoction of roots, stems and leaves used for weak or sore eyes.
Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 69
Castilleja applegatei ssp. martinii (Abrams) Chuang & Heckard
Northwestern Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAPM
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Dermatological Aid
Plant used for spider bites.
Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 41
Castilleja applegatei ssp. pinetorum (Fern.) Chuang & Heckard
Wavyleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAPP4
Miwok Food, Beverage
Flowers sipped sporadically and as a pastime.
Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 163
Castilleja attenuata (Gray) Chuang & Heckard
Attenuate Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAAT25
Miwok Food, Unspecified
Dried, parched, pulverized seeds used for food.
Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 155
Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.
Scarlet Indian Paintbrush
USDA CACO17
Cherokee Drug, Poison
Infusion used 'to destroy your enemies.'
Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 40
Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.
Scarlet Indian Paintbrush
USDA CACO17
Chippewa Drug, Cold Remedy
Infusion of flower taken for colds.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.
Scarlet Indian Paintbrush
USDA CACO17
Chippewa Drug, Orthopedic Aid
Simple or compound decoction of flowers used for paralysis.
Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362
Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng.
Scarlet Indian Paintbrush
USDA CACO17
Menominee Drug, Love Medicine
Herb secreted onto the person who is the object of the enamor, a love charm.
Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 81
Castilleja densiflora ssp. densiflora
Denseflower Indian Paintbrush
USDA CADED3
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items
Flowers used in dance wreaths at the Strawberry Festival in May.
Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 35
Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta
Exserted Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAEXE
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Ceremonial Items
Flowers used in dance wreaths at the Strawberry Festival in May.
Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 35
Castilleja foliolosa Hook. & Arn.
Texas Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAFO2
Cahuilla Food, Sweetener
Flowers picked by children to suck the nectar.
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 51
Castilleja hispida Benth.
Harsh Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAHIH2
Nitinaht Food, Candy
Sweet nectar sucked by children.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127
Castilleja hispida Benth.
Harsh Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAHIH2
Nitinaht Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Bright flowers covered with snail slime and used to trap hummingbirds.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 127
Castilleja hispida Benth.
Harsh Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAHIH2
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid
Plant pounded up and put into moccasins for 'sweaty feet.'
Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 138
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Apache, White Mountain Dye, Unspecified
Root bark used with other substances to color various kinds of skins, especially deer skin.
Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Jemez Other, Preservative
Dried bracts mixed with chile seeds to prevent spoilage during storage.
Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 21
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Keres, Western Other, Ceremonial Items
Plant held by women for decoration during the harvest dance.
Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Navajo Drug, Burn Dressing
Plant used for burns.
Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 159
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Navajo Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Infusion of crushed leaves taken for stomach troubles.
Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 76
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Blood Medicine
Compound decoction of root used to 'clean out the blood' after internal injury.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 43, 44
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Burn Dressing
Poultice of leaves applied to burns.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 43, 44
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gynecological Aid
Decoction of leaf taken during pregnancy to keep baby small, for easy labor.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 43, 44
Castilleja integra Gray
Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush
USDA CAINI5
Zuni Dye, Black
Root bark used with minerals to color deerskin black.
Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 80
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Drug, Contraceptive
Decoction of plant used as a contraceptive.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 35, 91
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Drug, Contraceptive
Decoction of plant used to prevent conception.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Drug, Gynecological Aid
Decoction of plant used for excessive menstrual discharge.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Drug, Gynecological Aid
Decoction of plant used to ease menstrual difficulties.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 35, 91
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Food, Unspecified
Flowers eaten as food.
Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 166
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items
Used ceremonially as the 'Red Flower' associated with the southeast direction.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items
Used ceremonially as the Red Flower associated with the southeast direction.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 91
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Other, Decorations
Used by maidens to deck their hair on holiday occasions.
Fewkes, J. Walter, 1896, A Contribution to Ethnobotany, American Anthropologist 9:14-21, page 19
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Other, Paint
Root and juniper bark chewed, mixed with white clay and used as ceremonial paint.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Hopi Other, Paint
Root chewed, mixed with white clay and the juice used to decorate artificial squash blossoms.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 91
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Analgesic
Plant used for stomachaches.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid
Plant used for stomachache.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gynecological Aid
Decoction of leaf taken during pregnancy to keep baby small, for easy labor.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Shoshoni Drug, Blood Medicine
Decoction of root taken as a blood purifier.
Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Shoshoni Drug, Cathartic
Decoction of root taken as a physic.
Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Shoshoni Drug, Emetic
Decoction of root taken as an emetic.
Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Shoshoni Drug, Venereal Aid
Decoction of root taken over a long period of time for venereal disease.
Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 53
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Tewa Drug, Contraceptive
Decoction of plant used to prevent conception.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Tewa Drug, Gynecological Aid
Decoction of plant used for excessive menstrual discharge.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Tewa Other, Ceremonial Items
Used ceremonially as the 'Red Flower' associated with the southeast direction.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Tewa Other, Paint
Root and juniper bark chewed, mixed with white clay and used as ceremonial paint.
Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 297
Castilleja linariifolia Benth.
Wyoming Indian Paintbrush
USDA CALI4
Tewa of Hano Other, Decorations
Red flowers painted on pottery and carved in wood as decorations.
Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 54