| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Bark used for chronic dysentery. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Astringent bark chewed for mouth sores. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of bark applied to sore, chapped skin. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Disinfectant Bark used as an antiseptic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Bark used as an emetic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Bark used as an emetic. Witthoft, John, 1947, An Early Cherokee Ethnobotanical Note, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 37(3):73-75, page 74 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Bark used after long, intermittent fevers and as a wash for chills and fevers. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used for indigestion and 'any debility of the system.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Oral Aid Bark chewed for mouth sores. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Infusion of bark taken for asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of inner bark used for 'lost voice.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Tonic Bark used as a tonic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Drug, Urinary Aid Unspecified liquid preparation taken for 'milky urine.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Fiber, Basketry Used to make baskets. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Fiber, Building Material Wood used for lumber, railroad ties, wagon spokes and rims. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Fiber, Furniture Used to make woven chair bottoms. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Fiber, Furniture Wood used to make furniture. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to wrap dough for bread making. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Other, Cooking Tools Wood used to make corn beaters and mortars. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Cherokee Other, Fuel Wood used for firewood. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 46 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark used for severe coughs. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware Drug, Disinfectant Infusion of bark used as a disinfectant. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark used as a douche. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware Drug, Throat Aid Infusion of bark used for sore throats. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 30 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark taken for severe cough. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 78 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Dermatological Aid Strong infusion of bark used to cleanse bruises and ulcers. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Disinfectant Compound containing bark used as an antiseptic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 78 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark used as an excellent douche. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 78 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Panacea Bark used in many medicinal compounds. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25, 78 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Oklahoma Drug, Throat Aid Strong infusion of bark gargled for a sore throat. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 25 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound infusion of bark taken for 'diseases peculiar to women.' Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Tonic Compound infusion of bark taken as a tonic. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 68, 82 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Houma Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Crushed root mixed with whiskey and used as liniment on rheumatic parts. Speck, Frank G., 1941, A List of Plant Curatives Obtained From the Houma Indians of Louisiana, Primitive Man 14:49-75, page 56 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Iroquois Drug, Psychological Aid Compound decoction used to counteract loneliness. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 303 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound decoction of bark taken for consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 303 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Iroquois Drug, Veterinary Aid Bark used for horses with distemper. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 303 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Iroquois Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Compound decoction used 'when your woman goes off and won't come back.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 303 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Acorns used for food. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 123 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Menominee Drug, Unspecified Inner bark used in compounds. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 36 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Menominee Food, Pie & Pudding Acorns boiled, simmered to remove lye, ground, sifted and made into pie. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 66 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Menominee Food, Porridge Acorns boiled, simmered to remove lye, ground, sifted and made into mush with bear oil seasoning. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 66 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Menominee Food, Staple Acorns boiled, simmered to remove lye, ground, sifted, cooked in soup stock to flavor and eaten. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 66 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Meskwaki Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound containing bark used for diarrhea. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 221 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Meskwaki Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of inner bark taken to 'throw up phlegm from the lungs.' Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 221 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Meskwaki Food, Beverage Ground, scorched acorns made into a drink similar to coffee. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 257 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Meskwaki Food, Porridge Dried acorns made into mush. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 257 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Micmac Drug, Dietary Aid Nuts used to induce thirst. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 60 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Micmac Drug, Hemorrhoid Remedy Plant parts used for bleeding piles. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 60 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Infusion of bark used as liniment for muscular pains. Carr, Lloyd G. and Carlos Westey, 1945, Surviving Folktales & Herbal Lore Among the Shinnecock Indians, Journal of American Folklore 58:113-123, page 121 |
| Quercus alba L. White Oak USDA QUAL |
Mohegan Drug, Analgesic Infusion of inner bark used as liniment for humans and horses with pain. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1972, Folk Medicine of the Delaware and Related Algonkian Indians, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission Anthropological Papers #3, page 75, 132 |