| Salix alaxensis (Anderss.) Coville Feltleaf Willow USDA SAALA |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Unspecified Tender, new shoots peeled and eaten. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 7 |
| Salix alaxensis (Anderss.) Coville Feltleaf Willow USDA SAALA |
Eskimo, Inupiat Food, Unspecified Tiny, green leaves used for food. Jones, Anore, 1983, Nauriat Niginaqtuat = Plants That We Eat, Kotzebue, Alaska. Maniilaq Association Traditional Nutrition Program, page 7 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark taken to check bowels. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark used as a poultice. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction or infusion of bark used as a wash to make the hair grow. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Febrifuge Infusion taken for fever. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Root chewed by ball players 'for wind.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Throat Aid Decoction of inner bark taken for hoarseness. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 12 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Throat Aid Infusion of inner bark taken for lost voice and root chewed for hoarseness. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix alba L. White Willow USDA SAAL2 |
Cherokee Drug, Tonic Bark used as a tonic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 61 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark shavings used for diarrhea. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of bark taken for diarrhea. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Plant used in the Sun Dance ceremony. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of bark applied to bleeding cuts. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark shavings used for stomach ailments. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 67 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Hemostat Poultice of bark applied to bleeding cuts. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark taken for diarrhea and other ailments. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Building Material Branches used to build sweat lodges. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Furniture Slender shoots bound with sinew and used as backrests. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Furniture Young twigs made into cages and used to carry children on travois. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Wood made into mattresses and used to keep beds above the ground. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Other, Cooking Tools Branches used to make meat drying racks. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Other, Musical Instrument Wood used to make drums. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Other, Paint Charcoal used as a black paint for Sun Dancers. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Cheyenne Other, Tools Sticks bent and used to remove hair from hides. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Gosiute Fiber, Basketry Wood used to make baskets, fish weirs and water jugs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Gosiute Other, Containers Wood used to make baskets and water jugs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Gosiute Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make fish weirs. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 380 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of branch tips used for soaking the feet and legs for cramps. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 135 |
| Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Peachleaf Willow USDA SAAM2 |
Ute Fiber, Basketry Used in basketry. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 36 |
| Salix arbusculoides Anderss. Littletree Willow USDA SAAR3 |
Eskimo, Inuktitut Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of shredded, inner bark applied to skin sores. Wilson, Michael R., 1978, Notes on Ethnobotany in Inuktitut, The Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 8:180-196, page 186 |
| Salix arbusculoides Anderss. Littletree Willow USDA SAAR3 |
Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of inner bark applied to sores. Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30 |
| Salix arbusculoides Anderss. Littletree Willow USDA SAAR3 |
Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut Drug, Eye Medicine Leaves placed in the corners of watery eyes. Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30 |
| Salix arbusculoides Anderss. Littletree Willow USDA SAAR3 |
Eskimo, Kuskokwagmiut Drug, Oral Aid Leaves chewed for sore mouth. Oswalt, W. H., 1957, A Western Eskimo Ethnobotany, Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 6:17-36, page 30 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed root inner bark applied to a deep cut. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Fiber, Basketry Stems used to rim birch bark baskets. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Containers Stems used to make a stopper for a sturgeon skin jar. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Cooking Tools Stems used to make a fish roasting stick. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Fasteners Bark used to tie or fasten many things. Bark was used to tie the fish roasting sticks, rock fish net weights, birch bark moose calls, and snowshoe frames, which were tied together before they were bent, as well as bundles to be carried by hand. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark made into netting and used to catch fish. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Stems used to make bows and arrows. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Tools Bark made into netting to clean pitch used in sealing birch bark canoes. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Tools Stems used to make a bead weaving loom. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Toys & Games Branches used to make whistles. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 58 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Menominee Drug, Unspecified Plant used medicinally. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 52 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of inner cambium and powdered tree fungus applied to serious cuts. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of branches taken by women for several months after childbirth to increase the blood flow. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Gynecological Aid Shredded inner bark used for sanitary napkins to 'heal a woman's insides.' Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Hemostat Poultice of bark and sap applied as a wad to bleeding wounds. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |
| Salix bebbiana Sarg. Bebb Willow USDA SABE2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Orthopedic Aid Poultice of damp inner bark applied to the skin over a broken bone. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 136 |