| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of root used as a wash 'to prevent hair falling out.' McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 276 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Blackfoot Drug, Laxative Decoction of root taken as a laxative. McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 276 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cahuilla Drug, Unspecified Used for the medicinal properties and as a fibrous material. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cahuilla Fiber, Unspecified Used for the medicinal properties and as a fibrous material. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 39 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
California Indian Fiber, Cordage Outer and inner bark used to make string. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 60 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Abortifacient Root used for pox and 'uterine obstructions.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Used for rheumatism. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Cough Medicine Used for coughs. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Root used for pox. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of root taken for 'dropsy' and Bright's disease. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Used for whooping cough. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Drug, Respiratory Aid Used for asthma. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Fiber, Clothing Fibers used to weave grave cloth material. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cherokee Fiber, Cordage Used to make cords. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 38 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Chippewa Fiber, Cordage Fiber considered the best available for making fine cordage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 140 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Cathartic Decoction of chewed leaves and bark taken as a purgative. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed leaves and bark applied to wounds. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Emetic Decoction of chewed leaves and bark taken as an emetic. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Cree, Hudson Bay Drug, Unspecified Plant used as medicine. Holmes, E.M., 1884, Medicinal Plants Used by Cree Indians, Hudson's Bay Territory, The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions 15:302-304, page 303 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of roots used as a wash for children with diarrhea. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Blood Medicine Roots used as blood purifier. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Emetic Infusion of roots taken as a spring or summer emetic. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 416 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of roots taken to clear up yellow eyes. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 416 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Roots used for biliousness. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Laxative Roots used as a laxative. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Iroquois Drug, Pediatric Aid Infusion of roots used as a wash for children with diarrhea. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 415 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Isleta Food, Candy Gum mixed with clean clay and used for chewing gum. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 22 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Isleta Food, Candy Gummy latex mixed with clean clay and used as chewing gum. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 31 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Karok Food, Unspecified Seeds eaten raw. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 388 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Keres, Western Drug, Gynecological Aid Crushed leaves rubbed on mothers' breasts to produce more and richer milk. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Keres, Western Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of plant used by mothers to produce more and richer milk. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 27 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Kiowa Food, Candy Milky latex used as chewing gum. After the latex was squeezed from the plant, it was allowed to stand over night, whereupon it hardened into a 'white gum.' Two kinds of gum were recognized; that which was left overnight, and that which was chewed only a few hours after it had been extracted from the plant. Vestal, Paul A. and Richard Evans Schultes, 1939, The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians, Cambridge MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 47 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Kutenai Drug, Veterinary Aid Tops chewed and used for horses with eyes. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Kutenai Fiber, Cordage Used to make twine and rope. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Kutenai Fiber, Sewing Material Stalks split, dried and used as thread for sewing tipi covers. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 12 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Fiber, Clothing Bark fiber made into twine and used to make front aprons worn by women. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Fiber, Clothing Plant used to make aprons. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 201 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fiber soaked in boiling water and used to make twine. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Containers Bark fiber made into twine and used to make net sacks for carrying acorns and other small seeds. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Containers Bark fibers made into twine and used to make large-meshed nets for carrying bulky or heavy articles. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark fiber made into twine & occasionally used to make long nets & draw nets for catching rabbits. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark fiber made into twine and used to make fishing nets. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Bark fiber made into twine and used to make slings. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark fiber made into twine and used to make bowstrings. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 202 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark fibers made into twine and used to make bowstrings. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 203 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Luiseno Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Plant fiber used to make bowstrings. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 206 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Clothing Inner bark formerly used to make garments. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fiber used to make rope. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Mendocino Indian Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark used for making thread. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |
| Apocynum cannabinum L. Indianhemp USDA APCA |
Mendocino Indian Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark used to make nets. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 378 |