| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Blackfoot Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed roots applied to wounds. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 25 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Blackfoot Drug, Hemostat Grated roots used for bleeding. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 25 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Blackfoot Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction of grated roots used for breaks and sprains. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 25 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Chehalis Fiber, Basketry Plant used to decorate baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Cowlitz Fiber, Basketry Plant used to decorate baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Hesquiat Fiber, Basketry Purchased grass shaved and dyed to make baskets and edging for mats and baskets. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 56 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Hoh Fiber, Basketry Grass used to make baskets. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 60 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Hupa Fiber, Basketry Grass used as a border pattern in baskets. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 2 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Hupa Fiber, Basketry Leaves used to make baskets. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Hupa Other, Decorations Plant used as dress ornaments. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Karok Fiber, Basketry Leaves used to make baskets. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Karok Fiber, Basketry New sprouts used to make baskets, especially for designs. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Karok Other, Decorations Plant used as dress ornaments. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Klallam Fiber, Basketry Plant used to decorate baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Maidu Fiber, Basketry Blades used as overlay twine in the manufacture of baskets. Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 71 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Makah Fiber, Basketry Leaves used for basketry. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 343 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Makah Other, Cash Crop Leaves sold to the Nootkan and Hesquiat tribes. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Montana Indian Fiber, Basketry Leaves woven into water tight baskets used for cooking. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 27 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Nitinaht Fiber, Basketry Grass used as twining material for wrapped and twined baskets. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Nitinaht Other, Tools Leaves used for trimming the edges of mats. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 87 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Okanagan-Colville Fiber, Basketry Used to decorate baskets. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 50 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Dermatological Aid Roots washed, rubbed to make a lather and used to wash sores. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 52 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Quileute Fiber, Basketry Grass used to make baskets. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 60 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Quinault Fiber, Basketry Plant used to decorate baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 23 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Yana Fiber, Clothing Grass wrapped around the ties of the women's belts. Sapir, Edward and Leslie Spier, 1943, Notes on the Culture of the Yana, Anthropological Records 3(3):252-253, page 253 |
| Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Common Beargrass USDA XETE |
Yurok Fiber, Clothing Small leaves used to make dresses. Plants were burned every year. Leaves were harvested in the spring when they first began to grow out from their charred rhizome. Prior to use, the leaves were soaked in water to make them pliable, but if left too long they turned green. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 63 |