| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Lakota Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fibers used to make cordage. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 60 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Malecite Drug, Anthelmintic Infusion of roots or bark used for worms. Mechling, W.H., 1959, The Malecite Indians With Notes on the Micmacs, Anthropologica 8:239-263, page 255 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Malecite Fiber, Clothing Fiber used to make belts. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Malecite Fiber, Cordage Fiber used to make ropes. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Malecite Fiber, Sewing Material Fiber used for sewing birch bark. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Menominee Fiber, Basketry Basswood fiber used for baskets and fish nets. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Menominee Fiber, Cordage Bast and bark fiber used for cordage. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Menominee Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Basswood fiber used for matting. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Menominee Fiber, Snow Gear Basswood fiber used for nets for snowshoes. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Menominee Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Basswood fiber used for matting, baskets, fish nets and nets for snowshoes. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 76 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of boiled inner bark applied to cause boils to open. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 248 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Drug, Pulmonary Aid Decoction of twigs taken for lung trouble. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 248 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Basketry Inner bark two-ply cord used to make baskets and fish nets. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Clothing Inner bark two-ply cord used to make shoes. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Cordage Inner bark boiled in lye water, dried, seasoned and twisted into two-ply cord. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Inner bark two-ply cord used to make mats. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Meskwaki Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark two-ply cord used to make mats, baskets, fish nets and shoes. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 269 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Micmac Drug, Anthelmintic Roots used for worms. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 62 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Micmac Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark used for suppurating wounds. Chandler, R. Frank, Lois Freeman and Shirley N. Hooper, 1979, Herbal Remedies of the Maritime Indians, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 1:49-68, page 62 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Ojibwa Fiber, Cordage Inner bark of young sprouts used to make twine and rope. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 232 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Ojibwa Fiber, Cordage Tough, fibrous bark of young trees furnished ready cordage and string. The women stripped the bark and peeled the outer edge from the inner fiber with their teeth. The rolls were then kept in coils or were boiled and kept as coils until needed, being soaked again when used, to make them pliable. While there were countless uses for this cordage, perhaps the most important was in tying the poles together for the framework of the wigwam or medicine lodge. When these crossings of poles were lashed together with wet bark fiber, it was easy to get a tight knot which shrank when dry and made an even tighter joint. The bark of an elm or a balsam, cut into broad strips was then sewed into place on the framework with basswood string. An oak wood awl was used to punch holes in the bark, but Smith notes that, when they made his wigwam, they used an old file end for an awl. He reports that he lived in this new wigwam all the time he was among the Pillager Ojibwe and scarcely a night passed without a group of them visiting him and sitting around the campfire, telling old time stories. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 422 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Ojibwa Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark of young sprouts used to make thread. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 232 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Omaha Fiber, Basketry Inner bark used to make baskets. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Omaha Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fiber used to make cordage and rope. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Omaha Fiber, Cordage Inner bark used to make ropes and cordage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 324 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Pawnee Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Inner bark fiber used for spinning cordage and weaving matting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Ponca Fiber, Cordage Inner bark fiber used to make cordage and rope. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 102 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Potawatomi Fiber, Basketry Bark string used for fashioning bags. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Potawatomi Fiber, Cordage Bark string used for making cordage. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
| Tilia americana L. American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Potawatomi Fiber, Sewing Material Bark string used for sewing the edges of mats. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 114 |
| Tilia americana var. americana American Basswood USDA TIAMA |
Abnaki Fiber, Basketry Inner bark used to make baskets. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 156 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound of inner bark used for dysentery. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Cough Medicine Jelly used for coughs. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark mixed with cornmeal and used as poultice for boils. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Inside bark and twigs used during pregnancy for heartburn, weak stomach and bowels. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Used 'when stomach has been overheated by too free use of spirituous liquors.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Snake Bite Remedy Bark from tree struck by lightning chewed and spit on snakebite. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Jelly used for consumption. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Fiber, Building Material Wood used for lumber. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Fiber, Cordage Boiled bark twisted into rope. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Fiber, Furniture Used to make chair bottoms. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Other, Decorations Wood used to carve. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Tilia americana var. heterophylla (Vent.) Loud. American Basswood USDA TIAMH |
Cherokee Other, Paper Wood used for pulpwood. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 24 |
| Typha latifolia L. Broadleaf Cattail USDA TYLA |
Chippewa Fiber, Building Material Leaves used as mats for roofing wigwams. The leaves were laid parallel, with one overlapping another, and were then stitched together with basswood, dogbane or swamp milkweed fiber. The leaves were said to be quite effective in shedding the rain. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 124 |