| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Plant eaten to clean out the stomach. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Gynecological Aid Poultice of plant applied to woman's stomach during parturition. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Hallucinogen Plant eaten to cause dreams. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Hemostat Poultice of plant applied to bleeding cuts. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Other Plant used for infanticide and suicide. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Poison Plant considered poisonous. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Psychological Aid Plant blown in the air to prevent bad dreams. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Respiratory Aid Plant used as snuff for stuffy noses. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Sedative Plant used as a soporific. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Stimulant Plant used for fatigue. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Drug, Toothache Remedy Plant held between the teeth for toothaches. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Other, Protection Leaves and lime placed in the camp fire to prevent supernatural beings from bothering you. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Kawaiisu Other, Smoke Plant Leaves dried, pulverized, powdered, mixed with liquid, formed into cakes and smoked in hollow stems. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Mendocino Indian Other, Smoke Plant Light green leaves used for smoking. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 386 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Mewuk Other, Smoke Plant Leaves dried, pounded and used for smoking. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 356 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Midoo Other, Smoke Plant Leaves dried, pounded and used for smoking. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 319 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Pomo, Kashaya Other, Smoke Plant Dried leaves used as tobacco. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 115 |
| Nicotiana quadrivalvis var. bigelovii (Torr.) DeWolf Bigelow's Tobacco USDA NIQUB |
Tolowa Other, Smoke Plant Leaves smoked for leisure. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 41 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Apalachee Other, Cash Crop Plant cultivated and sold. Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Apalachee Other, Smoke Plant Plant smoked in the pre-ballgame rituals. Hann, John H., 1986, The Use and Processing of Plants by Indians of Spanish Florida, Southeastern Archaeology 5(2):1-102, page 97 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Analgesic Chewed plant used for headaches. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Analgesic Used for cramps and sharp pains. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Anthelmintic Used as an antihelminthic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Anticonvulsive Used as an antispasmodic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Cathartic Used as a cathartic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Used extensively in rituals. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of beaten plant used for boils and applied to insect bites. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Diaphoretic Used as a sudorific. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Diuretic Used as a diuretic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Used as an emetic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Expectorant Used as an expectorant. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Taken for colic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Kidney Aid Taken for dropsy. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of leaf used for ague, 'locked-jaw' and 'black-yellow disease.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Other Compound used for apoplexy, dizziness and fainting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Other Decoction of leaves rubbed in scratches made on the patient for apoplexy. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 56 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Snake Bite Remedy Juice applied to snakebite. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Toothache Remedy Smoke blown on toothache. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Drug, Vertigo Medicine Used for dizziness and fainting. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Cherokee Other, Smoke Plant Leaves used for smoking. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 59 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Drug, Antidote Compound decoction of plants used as wash to counteract poison. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 430 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed plant applied to all insect bites. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 430 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Drug, Psychological Aid Decoction of plants taken for insanity caused by masturbation. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 430 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Plant used for consumption. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 430 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Other, Ceremonial Items Leaves used for ceremonial purposes. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 4 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Other, Smoke Plant Leaves used for smoking purposes. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 4 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Other, Smoke Plant Leaves used to smoke and if the smoke blew in a streak to one side, it would rain in 24 hours. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 30 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Iroquois Other, Smoke Plant Smashed roots used for smoking. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 57 |
| Nicotiana rustica L. Aztec Tobacco USDA NIRU |
Pima Other, Smoke Plant Used for smoking. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 111 |
| Nicotiana sp. Tobacco |
Cheyenne Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of wet leaves applied to sores. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 39 |