| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Inner bark soaked, beaten to separate the fibers and used to make mats and bedding. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Food, Dried Food Cambium dried and eaten in spring. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Food, Unspecified Cambium eaten fresh in spring. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Ceremonial Items Wood used to make totems, masks and ceremonial drums. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Containers Wood used for the hearth to make friction fires. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Containers Wood used to make coffins and boxes. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Cooking Tools Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used for threading clams. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Fuel Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used for tinder. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Fuel Outer bark used for fuel. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Fuel Wood used as fuel and also as the drill or hearth in making friction fires. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Inner bark beaten to separate the fibers and used to make fishing line. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make herring rakes. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Young, slender branches used to make nets. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Coast Other, Tools Wood used for the drill to make friction fires. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Salish, Cowichan Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Roots woven with gooseberry and wild rose roots to make reef nets. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 71 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Shuswap Fiber, Basketry Root shaves woven into baskets. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Shuswap Other, Cash Crop Root sold at annual tribal gathering. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Shuswap Other, Ceremonial Items Bark made into a headband and worn by pubescent girls and young men in ritual isolation. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Shuswap Other, Jewelry Bark used to make necklaces and belts worn by dancers at tribal gatherings. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 50 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Skagit Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of leaves taken for coughs. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Skagit Other, Ceremonial Items Limbs burned at night and waved through the houses after a death to scare off the ghosts. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Skokomish Drug, Oral Aid Decoction of buds used as a gargle. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Snuqualmie Fiber, Building Material Limbs used to tie the poles of summer houses together. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Squaxin Fiber, Basketry Limbs used for openwork baskets. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Squaxin Fiber, Basketry Roots used to make coiled and imbricated basketry. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Squaxin Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Limbs used for weaving with vine maple sticks to make fish weirs. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Squaxin Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Used to make herring rakes. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound decoction of twigs taken after childbirth. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 461 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of old or green cones taken for leprosy. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Drug, Psychological Aid Tree or spruce tree said to cause vivid dreams for those who slept under them. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Dye, Green Leaves and twigs used as a green dye. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 501 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Basketry Shredded roots used in making basketry. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Basketry Split roots made into coiled, water tight baskets and used for boiling food. The outer strips of the roots were used to make the bottom of the basket, the center core was used in the coils and the bark of the roots was used for making the edges because of its toughness. The roots could not be harvested in the winter because it was too difficult to scrape the bark off of the stiff, brown roots. In the spring and early fall, the bark was more easily removed and the roots were white. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Basketry Split roots made into water tight baskets and used for boiling food. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Basketry Wood splints sometimes used for the inner foundation of baskets rather than root bundles. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Canoe Material Used to make dugout canoes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Clothing Inner bark and stems used to make clothing. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Clothing Inner root softened, split into strips and used to make rain cloaks, aprons and capes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Cordage Inner bark and stems used to make rope and twine. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Furniture Outer bark used to kneel and sit on in canoes. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Bark piled up and used as a bed. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Inner bark and stems used to make mats and blankets. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Inner root softened, split into strips and used to make mats. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Scouring Material Inner bark, maple or cottonwood inner bark used to make scouring pads. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Fiber, Sewing Material Inner bark and stems used to make thread. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Other, Cash Crop Roots made into coiled baskets and considered an important trading item. Widows and women who did not have ready access to meat or fish used to make baskets and trade for food. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Other, Containers Inner bark and stems used to make bags. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 39 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Other, Containers Inner root softened, split into strips and used to make bags. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 496 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Thompson Other, Good Luck Charm Root 'doll formation' considered to bring good luck to anyone who found it. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 94 |
| Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Western Redcedar USDA THPL |
Tsimshian Fiber, Building Material Bark sheets used for roofing and tarpaulins. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 153 |