| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, Western Food, Porridge Seeds ground, mixed with corn meal and water and made into a mush. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 189 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground and used to make bread and pones. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Fodder Plant used for hay. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Porridge Seeds ground, mixed with meal and water and eaten as mush. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Cash Crop Plant gathered and sold. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Gosiute Food, Unspecified Seeds formerly used for food. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 375 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Havasupai Food, Bread & Cake Seeds parched, ground fine, boiled, thickened, made into balls and eaten as dumplings. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 66 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Havasupai Food, Soup Seeds and Indian millet seeds ground and used to make soup or mush. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 73 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Havasupai Food, Staple Seeds ground and eaten as a ground or parched meal. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground with corn into fine meal and used to make tortilla bread. Nequatewa, Edmund, 1943, Some Hopi Recipes for the Preparation of Wild Plant Foods, Plateau 18:18-20, page 20 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Staple Ground seeds used to make meal. Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Staple Ground seeds used to make meal. Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Staple Ground seeds used to make meal. Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 158 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Plants formerly used for food during famines. Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Plants formerly used for food during famines. Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Plants formerly used for food during famines. Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Plants formerly used for food during famines. Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Plants formerly used for food during famines. Jones, Volney H., 1938, An Ancient Food Plant of the Southwest and Plateau Regions, El Palacio 44:41-53, page 43 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Seeds eaten, especially in time of famine. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 338 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Hopi Food, Starvation Food Seeds used during famines. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 65 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Kawaiisu Food, Staple Seeds pounded into a meal and eaten dry. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Bread & Cake Ground seeds made into cakes. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 26 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground and made into bread and dumplings. Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Fodder Plant used as a fodder for both wild and domesticated animals. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Forage Plant used as a forage for both wild and domesticated animals. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Porridge Seeds ground and made into gruel. Steggerda, Morris, 1941, Navajo Foods and Their Preparation, Journal of the American Dietetic Association 17(3):217-25, page 223 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Staple Ground seeds used for food. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Fodder Young plants used as horse feed. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 16 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Navajo, Ramah Food, Porridge Seeds finely ground and cooked into a mush with milk or water. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 16 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute Food, Porridge Seeds ground into a meal for mush. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 26-27 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute Food, Sauce & Relish Ground seeds used for sauce. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 32 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute Food, Staple Ground seeds used for flour. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 32 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute Food, Staple Roasted and ground into flour. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute, Northern Food, Porridge Seeds dried, winnowed, ground into a flour and used to make mush. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute, Northern Food, Soup Seeds dried, winnowed, ground into a flour and used to make soup. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute, Northern Food, Special Food Seeds considered a good food to eat when suffering from stomachaches, colic or aching bones. When a person was suffering from any of these sicknesses, Indian ricegrass seeds should have been the only food eaten. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute, Northern Food, Staple Seeds used as a staple food. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Paiute, Northern Food, Winter Use Food Seeds stored for winter use. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 46 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Zuni Food, Staple Ground seeds used as a staple before the availability of corn. After the introduction of corn, the ground seeds were mixed with corn meal and made into steamed balls or pats. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 67 |
| Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Barkworth Indian Ricegrass USDA ACHY |
Zuni Food, Unspecified Used especially in earlier times as an important source of food. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 27 |