| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Isleta Dye, Red Root bark, alder root bark and wild plum root bark used to make a red dye for buckskin. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Jemez Dye, Red Bark, alder bark and birch bark boiled together and used as red dye to paint moccasins. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 20 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Drug, Strengthener Infusion of leaves used as a strengthener. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Dye, Red Roots used as a red dye for buckskin. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bunches of tied bushes used for rough brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Other, Containers Dried root used as a hearth for fires. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Other, Hide Preparation Bark used to tan buckskin. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood made into arrow points. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Other, Tools Dried sticks used as spindles for fire by friction. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Other, Tools Wood made into small tools. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Roots and bark used for stomach troubles. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Fiber, Building Material Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff, dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Food, Forage Whole plant used by sheep for forage. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Wood used to make the sweathouse and male prayersticks for ceremonies. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Other, Tools Wood used to make the handle of the weaving distaff. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo Other, Toys & Games Wood used to make dice and the sweathouse for ceremonies. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 53 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Compound decoction of leaves taken and used as lotion for sickness from overeating. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of plant used to hasten postpartum recovery. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Hunting Medicine Leaves from shrubs browsed by deer chewed by hunter for good luck in hunting. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Panacea Root used as a 'life medicine.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Dye, Brown Decoction of root bark used as a brown dye for buckskin and wool. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Dye, Red Used as a red dye for baskets. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Ceremonial Items Wood made into stirring sticks for Chiricahua Windway mixed decoction. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Navajo, Ramah Other, Tools Wood used to make tool handles and weaving combs. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 30 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Tewa Drug, Laxative Cold infusion of plant or leaves taken as a laxative. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 45 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Tewa Other, Tools Wood used to make rabbit sticks. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 45 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Burn Dressing Wood burned, the charcoal powdered and applied to burns. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Apache, White Mountain Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make bows. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 156 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
California Indian Other, Smoking Tools Root used to make pipe bowls. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 62 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
California Indian Other, Tools Wood used for digging sticks. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 62 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
California Indian Other, Weapon Wood used to make clubs. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 62 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Wood used to make pahos (prayersticks). Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 298 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Hopi Other, Tools Wood used to make implements. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 298 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Karok Other, Tools Hard wood used to make digging sticks. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 384 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Kawaiisu Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of roots used for coughing. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 18 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Kawaiisu Drug, Internal Medicine Decoction of roots used for internal ills. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 18 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Kawaiisu Other, Smoking Tools Wood carved into a pipe head and used with a hollowed section of a honeysuckle twig as a pipe stem. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 18 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Mahuna Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of bark and roots taken for venereal disease or gonorrhea gleet (urethral discharge). Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 70 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Mendocino Indian Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood formerly used to make arrow tips. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Mendocino Indian Other, Tools Wood formerly used to make tools for digging Indian potatoes and worms out of the ground. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Mendocino Indian Other, Weapon Large sticks used for war spears and fighting clubs. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 354 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Modesse Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used for spear points. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Modesse Other, Tools Wood used for digging sticks. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 223 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Wintoon Other, Tools Wood used to make digging sticks. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 264 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Yuki Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make bows. Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 93 |
| Cercocarpus montanus var. glaber (S. Wats.) F.L. Martin Birchleaf Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOG |
Yuki Other, Walking Sticks Wood used to make canes. Curtin, L. S. M., 1957, Some Plants Used by the Yuki Indians ... II. Food Plants, The Masterkey 31:85-94, page 93 |