| Ephedra antisyphilitica Berl. ex C.A. Mey. Clapweed USDA EPAN |
Pima Drug, Venereal Aid Plant used for syphilis. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 80 |
| Ephedra antisyphilitica Berl. ex C.A. Mey. Clapweed USDA EPAN |
Tewa Drug, Antidiarrheal Leaves and stems chewed or decoction taken for diarrhea. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 46 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Diegueno Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of branches taken to purify the blood. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 19 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Diegueno Drug, Dietary Aid Infusion of branches taken to improve the appetite. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 19 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Diegueno Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of plant taken for stomachaches caused by eating too much food or eating bad food. Hinton, Leanne, 1975, Notes on La Huerta Diegueno Ethnobotany, Journal of California Anthropology 2:214-222, page 216 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Diegueno Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of branches taken for the kidneys. Hedges, Ken, 1986, Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany, San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes, No. 20, page 19 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Kawaiisu Food, Beverage Stems used to make tea. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Kawaiisu Food, Unspecified Seeds formerly used for food. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra californica S. Wats. California Jointfir USDA EPCA2 |
Kawaiisu Other, Tools Wood provided the best charcoal for tattooing. The charcoal was mashed, a little water added and a design made with it on the skin. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels. Arizona Jointfir USDA EPFA |
Havasupai Food, Beverage Upper portions of plant boiled into tea. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 207 |
| Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels. Arizona Jointfir USDA EPFA |
Pima Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of dried, powdered roots applied to sores. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 76 |
| Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels. Arizona Jointfir USDA EPFA |
Pima Drug, Venereal Aid Poultice of dried, powdered roots applied for syphilis. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 76 |
| Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels. Arizona Jointfir USDA EPFA |
Pima Food, Beverage Ends of branches boiled and made into a beverage. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 76 |
| Ephedra fasciculata A. Nels. Arizona Jointfir USDA EPFA |
Pima, Lehi Food, Beverage Roots used as a tea. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 76 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Apache, White Mountain Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of stems and leaves taken for gonorrhea or first stages of syphilis. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Apache, White Mountain Food, Beverage Stems used to make tea. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Cahuilla Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of fresh or dried twigs used to purify the blood. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 70 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Cahuilla Drug, Other Decoction of fresh or dried twigs used to 'clear the system.' Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 70 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Cahuilla Food, Beverage Fresh or dried twigs boiled to make tea. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 70 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Coahuilla Drug, Unspecified Plant used for unspecified medicinal purposes. Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 73, 74 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Coahuilla Food, Beverage Used to make a pleasant and refreshing beverage. Barrows, David Prescott, 1967, The Ethno-Botany of the Coahuilla Indians of Southern California, Banning CA. Malki Museum Press. Originally Published 1900, page 73 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Havasupai Food, Beverage Upper portions of plant boiled into tea. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 207 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Kawaiisu Food, Beverage Stems used to make tea. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Kawaiisu Food, Unspecified Seeds formerly used for food. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Kawaiisu Other, Tools Wood provided the best charcoal for tattooing. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 27 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Navajo Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of stems and leaves taken for kidney troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Navajo Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of stems and leaves taken for venereal troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Paiute Drug, Adjuvant Twigs used in medicines 'to lessen disagreeable flavors.' Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Paiute Drug, Burn Dressing Compound decoction of plant used as a salve for burns. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Paiute Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of twigs and branches taken for venereal diseases. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Papago Food, Beverage Seeds steeped and used as tea-like drinks for refreshment. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 27 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Shoshoni Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of powdered twigs and branches applied to sores. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Shoshoni Drug, Diuretic Decoction of twigs and branches taken to stimulate urination. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Shoshoni Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of twigs and branches taken for venereal diseases. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 68 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Zuni Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of stems and leaves taken for venereal troubles. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 157 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Zuni Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of whole plant, except root, taken for syphilis. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 49 |
| Ephedra nevadensis S. Wats. Nevada Jointfir USDA EPNE |
Zuni Food, Beverage Plant without the root occasionally used to make a hot, tea like beverage. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 67 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Havasupai Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Twigs used to make drying mat for pulp. Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 17 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Hualapai Drug, Unspecified Infusion of green branches taken for medicinal purposes. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 34 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Analgesic Infusion of roots taken for painful bloating of the stomach. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 68 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of plants taken to purify the blood. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 21 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of roots taken for painful bloating of the stomach. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 68 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of leaves and blossoms taken for pleurisy of the kidneys. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 68 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion of plants taken to flush the kidneys. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 21 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Mahuna Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion of roots taken for gonorrhea. Romero, John Bruno, 1954, The Botanical Lore of the California Indians, New York. Vantage Press, Inc., page 68 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Paiute Food, Beverage Dried twigs made into an aromatic tea. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 17 |
| Ephedra sp. Mormon Tea |
Shoshoni Food, Beverage Parched, ground seeds used for coffee. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 17 |
| Ephedra torreyana S. Wats. Torrey's Jointfir USDA EPTOT |
Havasupai Food, Beverage Upper portions of plant boiled into tea. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 207 |
| Ephedra torreyana S. Wats. Torrey's Jointfir USDA EPTOT |
Hopi Drug, Venereal Aid Plant used for syphilis. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 35, 63 |
| Ephedra torreyana S. Wats. Torrey's Jointfir USDA EPTOT |
Isleta Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of leaves and stems used to make a lotion for itching skin. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 28 |