| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Blackfoot Food, Soup Bulbs eaten with soup. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Blackfoot Food, Unspecified Bulbs eaten fresh. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 102 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Montana Indian Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of crushed bulb-like roots applied to boils. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Montana Indian Food, Forage Plants eaten by bears and ground squirrels. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Bulb-like roots used for food. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 11 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Bulbs occasionally eaten raw or boiled. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 24 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Cold Remedy Corms used for bad colds. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Dried Food Corms dried for future use. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Unspecified Corms eaten fresh. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 45 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagon Food, Staple Roots used as a principle food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 238 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagon Food, Unspecified Roots used as an important food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 237 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Okanagon Food, Unspecified Steamed and eaten as a sweet, mealy and starchy food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Shuswap Food, Winter Use Food Roots dried for winter use. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 54 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Candy Small root ends of corms eaten as candy by children. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Dried Food Raw corms dried for future use in soups or stews. The corms were laid out loosely on a scaffold and allowed to partially dry until they had wilted so that they would not split when strung. Then they were strung with needles onto long strings or thin sticks and allowed to dry completely. The strings were tied at the ends to make a large necklace like loop which could be hung up for storage. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Pie & Pudding Corms used to make a traditional kind of pudding. The pudding was made by boiling together such traditional ingredients as dried black tree lichen, dried saskatoon berries, cured salmon eggs, tiger lily bulbs or bitterroot and deer fat. Some of these ingredients, including avalanche lily corms, were optional. Nowadays flour is often used as a substitute for black tree lichen and sugar is added. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Soup Raw, dried corms used in soups and stews. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Corms considered an important traditional food source. Because raw corms were considered poisonous, most of the corms were pit cooked, either immediately after harvesting or at a later date after they had been strung and dried. In the latter case, they were soaked for a few minutes in lukewarm water until they had regained about two-thirds of their moisture before being placed in the cooking pit. They could be eaten immediately or redried for later use, when they could be could again very quickly. One informant confirmed that the corms cooked and eaten immediately after harvesting were not as sweet and good as those that had been stored first. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Corms cooked and eaten. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 481 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Corms eaten with meat and fish as the vegetable portion of a meal, like potatoes. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Deep fried corms used for food. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Roots used as an important food. Teit, James A., 1928, The Salishan Tribes of the Western Plateaus, SI-BAE Annual Report #45, page 237 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Steamed and eaten as a sweet, mealy and starchy food. Perry, F., 1952, Ethno-Botany of the Indians in the Interior of British Columbia, Museum and Art Notes 2(2):36-43., page 37 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Other, Cash Crop Strings of dried corms used as trading items. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh Dogtooth Lily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Other, Toys & Games Corms used as wagers in gambling. Some of the women used to climb up the valley sides to dig sacks of corms which they used as wagers in gambling. The winners would stagger down the hillside with several sacks of corms, while others, who had worked just as hard, would return home empty handed, having lost in the gambling. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 121 |
| Erythronium grandiflorum ssp. grandiflorum Yellow Avalanchelily USDA ERGRG3 |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Corms cooked and eaten. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 481 |