| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Blackfoot Other, Toys & Games Stems used by children to make head pieces for playing and mimicking the affairs of the Holy Woman. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 114 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Cheyenne Drug, Analgesic Poultice of dried, powdered leaves and stems applied for rheumatic pains. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 185 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Cheyenne Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of dried, powdered leaves and stems applied for rheumatic pains. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 185 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Cheyenne Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of dried, pulverized leaves and stems applied for rheumatic pains. Grinnell, George Bird, 1972, The Cheyenne Indians - Their History and Ways of Life Vol.2, Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press, page 185 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Gosiute Drug, Diuretic Infusion or decoction of roots used as a diuretic. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 351 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Gosiute Drug, Diuretic Roots used as a diuretic for kidney troubles. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 373 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Gosiute Drug, Kidney Aid Infusion or decoction of roots used for kidney troubles. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 351 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Gosiute Drug, Kidney Aid Roots used as a diuretic for kidney troubles. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 373 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Gosiute Food, Unspecified Seeds formerly used for food. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1911, The Ethno-Botany of the Gosiute Indians of Utah, Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association 2(5):331-405., page 373 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Navajo Drug, Contraceptive Plant used as an oral birth control. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 51 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Antihemorrhagic Infusion of roots taken for internal hemorrhaging. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Good Luck Charm Plant rubbed on fishing line for good luck. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Okanagan-Colville Other, Water Indicator Plant used as a charm to make it rain. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 91 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shoshoni Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion or decoction of root taken for diarrhea. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 102 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shoshoni Drug, Contraceptive Cold water infusion of root taken daily for six months as a contraceptive. Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 102 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shoshoni Drug, Contraceptive Infusion of root taken for six months as a permanent birth control. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 46 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shoshoni Drug, Contraceptive Plant used as an oral birth control. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 51 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shuswap Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant used for sores. Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 60 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Shuswap Drug, Disinfectant Decoction of plant used as a bath to 'clean the germs off the body.' Palmer, Gary, 1975, Shuswap Indian Ethnobotany, Syesis 8:29-51, page 60 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Thompson Drug, Witchcraft Medicine Root used to 'inflict sickness or bad luck on persons.' Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 508 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Thompson Other, Decorations Hard, white, shiny seeds formerly used to make beads. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 192 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Thompson Other, Protection Plant used as a charm to stop a thunderstorm. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 192 |
| Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. ex Lehm. Western Gromwell USDA LIRU4 |
Ute Drug, Diuretic Decoction of roots used as a diuretic. Chamberlin, Ralph V., 1909, Some Plant Names of the Ute Indians, American Anthropologist 11:27-40, page 35 |