| Acacia greggii Gray Catclaw Acacia USDA ACGRG3 |
Havasupai Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Twigs made into a brush and used to brush off metates. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 225 |
| Agave americana L. American Century Plant USDA AGAMA2 |
Papago Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bundles of fibers used as combination brushes and combs for hair. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 51 |
| Agave lechuguilla Torr. Lechuguilla USDA AGLE |
Pima Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Fiber used to make hair brushes. Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 50 |
| Agave sp. Mescal |
Yavapai Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Grass stem brush used to transfer excess mescal juice from dish to slab. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 259 |
| Agave utahensis Engelm. Utah Agave USDA AGUTU |
Havasupai Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Used to make brushes for the hair and for cleaning grinding stones. To make the brushes, the dried matter of a dead and rotten leaf was knocked free from the fibers, which were then bent in two. The upper end of this brush was wrapped with a cord and the bent portion was covered with buckskin or cloth. The loose fibers were cut to the right length and hardened by burning the ends. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 212 |
| Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge Bluestem USDA ANVIV |
Cherokee Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion taken to 'check bowels.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge Bluestem USDA ANVIV |
Cherokee Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Used as an ingredient in green corn medicine. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge Bluestem USDA ANVIV |
Cherokee Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion used for frost bite and sores and ooze used to bathe itch. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge Bluestem USDA ANVIV |
Cherokee Dye, Yellow Stems, alone or with onion peels, used to make a yellow dye. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Arctostaphylos glauca Lindl. Bigberry Manzanita USDA ARGL4 |
Diegueno Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Branches used to make a broom. Hinton, Leanne, 1975, Notes on La Huerta Diegueno Ethnobotany, Journal of California Anthropology 2:214-222, page 219 |
| Aristida purpurea var. longiseta (Steud.) Vasey Fendler Threeawn USDA ARPUL |
Hopi Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plant used for broom material. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 286 |
| Aristida purpurea var. longiseta (Steud.) Vasey Fendler Threeawn USDA ARPUL |
Navajo, Ramah Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Stems used to make hair brushes. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 15 |
| Aristida purpurea var. longiseta (Steud.) Vasey Fendler Threeawn USDA ARPUL |
Navajo, Ramah Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Stems used to make hair brushes. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 15 |
| Artemisia dracunculus L. Wormwood USDA ARDR4 |
Pawnee Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plant tops bound into bundles and made into brooms used for sweeping the lodge floor. The plant was used for this purpose because of its agreeable, wholesome odor. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 134 |
| Artemisia tridentata Nutt. Big Sagebrush USDA ARTRT |
Navajo, Ramah Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Leafy stems tied together with wire and used for brooms. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 48 |
| Baccharis sarothroides Gray Desertbroom USDA BASA2 |
Pima Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Green stalks cut, tied together with strings and used as brooms. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 65 |
| Baccharis sarothroides Gray Desertbroom USDA BASA2 |
Pima Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Stalks used to make brooms. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 65 |
| Betula sp. White Birch |
Malecite Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Used to make brooms. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Sideoats Grama USDA BOCUC2 |
Tewa Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Grass bundled, dried and used as hair brushes. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 64 |
| Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Sideoats Grama USDA BOCUC2 |
Tewa Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Grass bundled, dried, made into brooms and used to sweep floors, hearths and metates. Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 64 |
| Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths Blue Grama USDA BOGR2 |
Apache, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Stem used as comb and broom material. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 189 |
| Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths Blue Grama USDA BOGR2 |
Apache, White Mountain Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Blades bundled by a cord, the stiff end used as a hair comb and the other end used as a broom. Reagan, Albert B., 1929, Plants Used by the White Mountain Apache Indians of Arizona, Wisconsin Archeologist 8:143-61., page 149 |
| Bouteloua gracilis (Willd. ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths Blue Grama USDA BOGR2 |
Zuni Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Grass bunches tied together and the severed end used as a hairbrush, the other as a broom. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 83 |
| Brickellia ambigens (Greene.) A. Nels. |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of plants used as rough brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Brickellia grandiflora (Hook.) Nutt. Tasselflower Brickellbush USDA BRGR |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of plants used as rough brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 33 |
| Bromus marginatus Nees ex Steud. Mountain Brome USDA BRMA4 |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of plants used as hair brushes and light brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 34 |
| Bromus sp. Brome Grass |
Isleta Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of stems used to make brooms and brushes. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin Incense Cedar USDA CADE27 |
Karok Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Boughs and twigs used to make brooms. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379 |
| Carex sp. Sedge |
Thompson Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Leaves used as brushes for cleaning things. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 114 |
| Cercocarpus montanus Raf. True Mountain Mahogany USDA CEMOM4 |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bunches of tied bushes used for rough brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 35 |
| Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. Port Orford Cedar USDA CHLA |
Karok Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Branches used to make brooms. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Cahuilla Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Coarse husk fibers from the bulb tied together and used as a cleaning brush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 54 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Cahuilla Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Coarse husk fibers from the bulb tied together and used as a hair brush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 54 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Costanoan Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Fibrous bulb covers tied in bundles to make brushes. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 255 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Karok Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bulb fibers used to make a small brush. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 380 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Upper fiber ends dipped in starch, tied together and used as brushes. The brush was used in the following ways: (1) to clean out the bedrock mortar hole before tobacco leaves were pounded and to remove the pulverized tobacco afterwards--a usage that probably applied to other materials--(2) to sweep fine meal off the sifting tray; (3) to brush the hair--an old brush must be used for this purpose or 'the hair ends will split'--and (4) when wet, to scrub things clean. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 19 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Luiseno Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bulb fiber made into small brushes used for sweeping up scattered meal after pounding acorns. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 203 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Luiseno Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bulb fibers used to make a brush. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 233 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Maidu Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plant made into brushes and used to sweep meal off the sifting baskets. Swartz, Jr., B. K., 1958, A Study of Material Aspects of Northeastern Maidu Basketry, Kroeber Anthropological Society Publications 19:67-84, page 68 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Pomo, Kashaya Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bulb fibers tied into bundles to make scrub brushes and hair brushes. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 107 |
| Chlorogalum pomeridianum (DC.) Kunth Wavyleaf Soapplant USDA CHPOP4 |
Round Valley Indian Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Outer fibers made into brushes and used to scrape meal off the ground. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 336 |
| Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hook.) Nutt. Green Rabbitbrush USDA CHVIA4 |
Yavapai Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Stems used to brush off spines on fruits. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 257 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Meskwaki Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Twigs made into brushes for cleaning the earthen floors of the wigwams. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 267 |
| Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut USDA COAM3 |
Ojibwa Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Finer twigs bound into a bundle, with the tips sheared, to serve as a broom or brush. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 417 |
| Corylus cornuta var. cornuta Beaked Hazelnut USDA COCOC2 |
Potawatomi Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Bunch of twigs bound together and used as a broom. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 112 |
| Dalea candida var. oligophylla (Torr.) Shinners White Prairieclover USDA DACAO |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plant used for light brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 58 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Pawnee Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tough, elastic stems made into brooms and used to sweep the lodge. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Ericameria nauseosa ssp. nauseosa var. nauseosa Rubber Rabbitbrush USDA ERNAN5 |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Plant used for rough brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 37 |
| Erigeron asper Nutt. Rough Fleabane USDA ERAS3 |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of plants used for brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 |
| Erigeron flagellaris Gray Trailing Fleabane USDA ERFL |
Keres, Western Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tied bunches of plants used for brooms. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 42 |