| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago and Pima Food, Candy Used to make candy. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 17 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago and Pima Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 11 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago and Pima Food, Preserves Fruit boiled, without sugar, to make preserves. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 17 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago and Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Fruit used to make syrup. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 11 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Papago and Pima Other, Tools Trunks used to make cactus fruit picking poles. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1937, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest IV. The Aboriginal Utilization of the Tall Cacti in the American South, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5:1-48, page 14 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Drug, Gynecological Aid Plant used to make the milk flow after childbirth. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Drug, Orthopedic Aid Dead ribs used as splints for broken bones. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Beverage Fruits boiled, fermented and used as an intoxicating liquor. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Beverage Ripe, dried fruits shaped into balls, boiled, fermented and used to make wine. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground, put into water, meal combined with other meal and baked to make bread. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Dessert Pulp eaten as dessert. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Dried Food Fruits dried in balls and used for food. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Dried Food Ripe fruits made into balls and dried for future use. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Fodder Seeds fed to chickens. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Fruit Ripe fruits eaten fresh. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Fruit Ripe fruits eaten raw. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Porridge Fresh or dried fruits boiled, residue ground into an oily paste and eaten. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Porridge Seeds dried, roasted, ground and eaten as a moist and sticky mush. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Fresh or dried fruits boiled and used as a syrup. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Fresh or dried fruits boiled to make a syrup. Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 20 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Pulp boiled, seeds strained, boiled again and sealed in jars until thick as honey. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Sauce & Relish Ripe, dried fruits shaped into balls, boiled and used to make a syrup. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Staple Seeds ground, put into water and eaten as pinole. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Substitution Food Seeds ground, passed through a sieve or left mixed with husks and used as a substitute for lard. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 53 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Food, Unspecified Seeds eaten raw. Russell, Frank, 1908, The Pima Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #26:1-390, page 71 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima Other, Season Indicator Saguaro harvest marked the beginning of the new year. Castetter, Edward F. and Willis H. Bell, 1942, Pima and Papago Indian Agriculture, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. First Edition., page 59 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Beverage Pulp made into a syrup and fermented for the annual wine feast. The annual wine feast was an elaborate liturgical celebration intended to bring rain and to continue it through the growing season. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Beverage Ripe fruit used to make a cold drink. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Candy Fruits used as sweets. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 6 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Dried Food Pulp dried whole for future use. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Porridge Seeds ground, mixed with grains and used to make a porridge. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Preserves Pulp used to make jam. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Preserves Seeds ground, mixed with grains and used to make a paste resembling peanut butter. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Sauce & Relish Pulp used to make syrup. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 4 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Staple Fruits used as a staple food. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Seri Fiber, Caulking Material Dried plant skeletons and sea lion oil used as a caulking compound. Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Seri Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 134 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Seri Food, Porridge Seeds ground to a powder and made into a meal or paste. Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 134 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Seri Other, Tools Dried plant skeletons used as a straight, slender pole for knocking off ripe fruit. Dawson, E. Yale, 1944, Some Ethnobotanical Notes on the Seri Indians, Desert Plant Life 9:133-138, page 136 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Southwest Indians Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 15 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Southwest Indians Other, Containers Seeds spread on saguaro ribs to dry. Bell, Willis H and Edward F. Castetter, 1941, Ethnobiological Studies in the Southwest VII. The Utilization of of Yucca, Sotol and Beargrass by the Aborigines in the American Southwest, University of New Mexico Bulletin 5(5):1-74, page 16 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Beverage Dried fruit pressed into bricks and kept for later use, pieces broken off and stirred in water. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Beverage Fruit mixed with water and liquid scooped with hand. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Bread & Cake Dried, parched, seeds ground to consistency of peanut butter and squeezed into cakes. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Dried Food Dried fruit pressed into bricks and kept for later use. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Dried Food Dried fruit smeared with fresh fruit juice, made into slabs and dried for later use. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Carnegia gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. & Rose Saguaro USDA CAGI7 |
Yavapai Food, Fruit Fruit used for food. Gifford, E. W., 1936, Northeastern and Western Yavapai, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 34:247-345, page 260 |
| Fraxinus velutina Torr. Velvet Ash USDA FRVE2 |
Hualapai Other, Tools Wood made into long prongs used to pick from saguaro cacti and pinyon pine trees. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 25 |
| Gossypium sp. Cotton |
Papago Food, Bread & Cake Seed flour mixed with saguaro seed flour, baked on sand and eaten as browned cakes. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 46 |
| Larrea tridentata var. tridentata Creosotebush USDA LATRT |
Papago Fiber, Building Material Piled on top of saguaro ribs to strengthen house roofs. Castetter, Edward F. and Ruth M. Underhill, 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest II. The Ethnobiology of the Papago Indians, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(3):1-84, page 67 |