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Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items
Stalk made into flute used in an ancient custom of timing the grinding of the corn at the War Dance.
Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Stalks used to make bird snares. Bird snares were made of stalks in which were drilled two small holes. In one of these holes was inserted a twig of greasewood and at the end of this was fastened a sliding loop of horsehair. The greasewood twig was then bent in a bow and the loop passed through the upper hole, across which was laid a small piece of reed. The small stick below the loop was placed so that one end rests on the rim of the stalk and the other end on the reed. When a bird alighted on this, the small piece of reed was disturbed and the greasewood twig straightened, drawing the horsehair loop with the bird's foot in it into the stalk.
Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Ceremonial Medicine
Plant used for sun sandpainting ceremony.
Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 48
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Disinfectant
Plant used for prenatal infection caused by solar eclipse.
Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 48
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Kayenta Drug, Pediatric Aid
Plant used for prenatal infection caused by solar eclipse.
Wyman, Leland C. and Stuart K. Harris, 1951, The Ethnobotany of the Kayenta Navaho, Albuquerque. The University of New Mexico Press, page 48
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Dermatological Aid
Moxa of pith used on scratched wart for removal.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Other
Salve of pulverized seed and root used on injury from horse falling on person.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Ramah Food, Fodder
Used for livestock feed.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Ramah Food, Unspecified
Roasted, ground seeds made into cakes.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Navajo, Ramah Other, Ceremonial Items
Stem used to make Holyway Prayer stick.
Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 51
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Paiute Drug, Antirheumatic (External)
Decoction of root used as a warm wash for rheumatism.
Train, Percy, James R. Henrichs and W. Andrew Archer, 1941, Medicinal Uses of Plants by Indian Tribes of Nevada, Washington DC. U.S. Department of Agriculture, page 84
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Paiute Food, Porridge
Roasted, ground seeds made into flour and used to make mush.
Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 117
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Paiute Food, Staple
Seeds parched, ground and eaten as meal.
Kelly, Isabel T., 1932, Ethnography of the Surprise Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 31(3):67-210, page 98
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Paiute Food, Winter Use Food
Roasted, ground seeds made into flour and stored for winter use.
Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 117
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Paiute, Northern Food, Staple
Seeds ground into a meal and eaten.
Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 47
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pawnee Drug, Gynecological Aid
Dry seed compound eaten by pregnant nursing women to protect suckling child.
Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 130
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Drug, Anthelmintic
Poultice of warm ashes applied to stomach for worms.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Drug, Febrifuge
Decoction of leaves taken for high fevers.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Drug, Veterinary Aid
Decoction of leaves used as a wash for horses with sores caused by screw worms.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Food, Candy
Inner pulp of stalks used as chewing gum.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Food, Candy
Petals used by children as chewing gum.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Food, Staple
Seeds ground into meal and used as food.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Food, Unspecified
Seeds eaten raw or roasted.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pima Other, Lighting
Inner pulp of dried stalks strung and used to make quick-burning candles.
Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Pueblo Food, Unspecified
Seeds used for food.
Castetter, Edward F., 1935, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(1):1-44, page 30
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Ree Drug, Ceremonial Medicine
Oil from seeds used 'to lubricate or paint the face or body.'
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12, 13
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Ree Drug, Stimulant
Dried, powdered seeds mixed into cakes and taken on war party to combat fatigue.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12, 13
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Ree Food, Staple
Powdered seed meal boiled or made into cakes with grease.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Ree Food, Unspecified
Seeds eaten raw.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Dried Food
Dried roots stored for winter use.
Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 100
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Unspecified
Seeds parched until brown, pulverized and eaten.
Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Unspecified
Stems eaten raw.
Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 103
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Winter Use Food
Seeds parched until brown, pulverized and stored in salmon skins.
Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 104
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Tewa Other, Smoking Tools
Dried stalks made into fire-sticks and used to light cigarettes.
Robbins, W.W., J.P. Harrington and B. Freire-Marreco, 1916, Ethnobotany of the Tewa Indians, SI-BAE Bulletin #55, page 56
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid
Powdered leaves alone or in ointment used on sores and swellings.
Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 469
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Zuni Drug, Snake Bite Remedy
Compound poultice of root applied with much ceremony to rattlesnake bite.
Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 53, 54
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Zuni Drug, Snake Bite Remedy
Fresh or dried root chewed by medicine man before sucking snakebite and poultice applied to wound.
Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye, 1980, A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365-388, page 375
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower
USDA HEAN3
Zuni Other, Ceremonial Items
Blossoms used ceremonially for anthropic worship.
Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1915, Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #30, page 93
Helianthus anomalus Blake
Western Sunflower
USDA HEAN4
Hopi Drug, Dermatological Aid
Plant used as a 'spider medicine.'
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 32, 96
Helianthus anomalus Blake
Western Sunflower
USDA HEAN4
Hopi Food, Fodder
Used as an important food for summer birds.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 96
Helianthus anomalus Blake
Western Sunflower
USDA HEAN4
Hopi Other, Decorations
Petals dried, ground, mixed with yellow corn meal and used as a face powder in women's basket dance.
Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 96
Helianthus bolanderi Gray
Serpentine Sunflower
USDA HEBO3
Paiute Food, Unspecified
Species used for food.
Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Paiute Drug, Heart Medicine
Infusion of roots taken for heart troubles.
Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 116
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Paiute Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy
Infusion of roots taken for tuberculosis.
Mahar, James Michael., 1953, Ethnobotany of the Oregon Paiutes of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Reed College, B.A. Thesis, page 116
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified
Roots peeled and eaten raw.
Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 43
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Shasta Drug, Analgesic
Pounded roots used in a steambath for internal pain.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 340
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Shasta Drug, Carminative
Decoction of smashed roots taken for gas.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 340
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Shasta Drug, Dermatological Aid
Poultice of roots applied to swellings.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 340
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Shasta Drug, Disinfectant
Root burned in the house after a death.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 340
Helianthus cusickii Gray
Cusick's Sunflower
USDA HECU2
Shasta Drug, Febrifuge
Poultice of roots applied for chills and fever.
Holt, Catharine, 1946, Shasta Ethnography, Anthropological Records 3(4):308, page 340