| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Abnaki Drug, Anthelmintic Infusion of bark taken as a vermifuge. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 165 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Abnaki Drug, Anthelmintic Used as a vermifuge. Rousseau, Jacques, 1947, Ethnobotanique Abenakise, Archives de Folklore 11:145-182, page 155 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Algonquin, Tete-de-Boule Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of shredded roots applied to joints for rheumatism. Raymond, Marcel., 1945, Notes Ethnobotaniques Sur Les Tete-De-Boule De Manouan, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:113-134, page 130 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Bread & Cake Inner bark scraped off and baked in the form of cakes. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Apache, Chiricahua & Mescalero Food, Unspecified Bark boiled or eaten raw. Castetter, Edward F. and M. E. Opler, 1936, Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest III. The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache, University of New Mexico Bulletin 4(5):1-63, page 43 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Apache, Mescalero Food, Spice Sap used as flavoring for wild strawberries. Basehart, Harry W., 1974, Apache Indians XII. Mescalero Apache Subsistence Patterns and Socio-Political Organization, New York. Garland Publishing Inc., page 50 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Bella Coola Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of root bark taken for gonorrhea with urethral hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark used for heart burn. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 83 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Drug, Gynecological Aid Infusion of bark scrapings taken by women about to give birth. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 61 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark used for general discomfort. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 83 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Fodder Bark fed to horses during the winter. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 28 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Fodder Bark made an excellent winter food for horses. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 89 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Snack Food Cambium used as a snack food by children. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 104 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Special Food Bark sucked by anyone observing a liquid taboo. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 104 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Unspecified Cambium used for food. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 104 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Food, Unspecified Inner bark eaten in the spring. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 28 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Blackfoot Other, Toys & Games Bark or moistened leaves used to make whistles. Hellson, John C., 1974, Ethnobotany of the Blackfoot Indians, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 119 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Analgesic Decoction of bark taken for stomach pain. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of bark taken for stomach pain. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Building Material Logs used to make Sundance lodges. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Building Material Trunks used to build the Sun Dance Lodge. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 37 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cheyenne Fiber, Building Material Trunks used to construct the medicine lodge for the Sun Dance ceremony. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 46 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Chippewa Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed bark or root applied to cuts. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Chippewa Drug, Gynecological Aid Compound infusion of root taken for 'excessive flowing' during confinement. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 358 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Chippewa Drug, Heart Medicine Compound decoction of inner bark prepared ceremonially for heart trouble. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of crushed leaf applied to bee stings to reduce the irritation. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of inner bark used as a wound dressing. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Hemostat White, powdery substance on the outer bark surface scraped off and used as a styptic. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Venereal Aid Bark outer surface scraped and used for venereal disease. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction of bark taken for venereal disease. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Fiber, Building Material Poles placed upon the birch bark cover of a tipi to secure it. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Fiber, Building Material Poles used to frame a tipi. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Preservative Dry, rotted wood used to make a fire to smoke cure whitefish and moose meat. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified Cambium eaten fresh in early summer. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified Inner bark used for food in the spring. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Trees used to make a deadfall trap for bear. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Cree, Woodlands Other, Toys & Games Short section of fresh branch used to make a toy whistle. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 52 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Crow Fiber, Building Material Logs used to make Sundance lodges. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Delaware, Ontario Drug, Cold Remedy Compound containing bark taken for colds. Tantaquidgeon, Gladys, 1942, A Study of Delaware Indian Medicine Practice and Folk Beliefs, Harrisburg. Pennsylvania Historical Commission, page 82 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Flathead Drug, Other Infusion of bark used for ruptures. Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 37 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Gitksan Drug, Cathartic Bark used as a purgative. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Gitksan Drug, Cathartic Decoction of bark taken as a purgative. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of chewed or mashed root bark applied to cuts. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 54 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Haisla Drug, Laxative Decoction of bark taken as a laxative. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 286 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Drug, Oral Aid Leaves used for mouth abscesses. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 286 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Plant smoked ceremonially. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 71 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Iroquois Drug, Anthelmintic Decoction of bark taken for worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 292 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Iroquois Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of bark taken for cramps caused by worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 292 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Iroquois Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Cold, compound infusion of bark taken for measles. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 292 |
| Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen USDA POTR5 |
Iroquois Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Poultice of wetted bark applied for pleurisy. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 292 |