| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Haisla Drug, Tonic Bark and other plants used as a tonic. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Haisla Drug, Unspecified Bark and other plants used for 'sickness.' Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes Pacific Silver Fir USDA ABAM |
Haisla Food, Unspecified Cambium used for food. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 151 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of bark and bark from another plant taken for kidney troubles. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Anticosti Drug, Kidney Aid Gum eaten for kidney pains. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Anticosti Drug, Throat Aid Infusion of sap used for sore throats. Rousseau, Jacques, 1946, Notes Sur L'ethnobotanique D'anticosti, Archives de Folklore 1:60-71, page 64 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Chippewa Drug, Analgesic Gum melted on warm stone and fumes inhaled for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Chippewa Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of root used as herbal steam for rheumatic joints. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Chippewa Drug, Dermatological Aid Gum of plant with bear grease used as an ointment for the hair. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 350 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Chippewa Drug, Herbal Steam Decoction of root sprinkled on hot stones and used as herbal steam for rheumatism. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 362 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Chippewa Drug, Herbal Steam Gum of plant melted on warm stone as herbal steam for headache. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Iroquois Drug, Cancer Treatment Poultice of gum and dried beaver kidneys applied for cancer. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Iroquois Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of gum and hot milk taken as an antiseptic for colds. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 37 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Drug, Unspecified Pitch used in medicines. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Needles and branches used for pillows and bedding. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Fiber, Sewing Material Roots used for thread. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Malecite Other, Waterproofing Agent Pitch used for waterproofing seams in canoes. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Adjuvant Inner bark used as a seasoner for medicines. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Analgesic Infusion of inner bark taken for chest pain. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Cold Remedy Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for colds. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Pulmonary Aid Liquid balsam pressed from trunk used for pulmonary troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Menominee Drug, Unspecified Poultice of fresh inner bark used for unspecified illnesses. Smith, Huron H., 1923, Ethnobotany of the Menomini Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:1-174, page 45 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Needle-like leaves used as part of the ceremony involving the sweatbath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Cold Remedy Balsam gum used for colds and leaf smoke inhaled for colds. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Cough Medicine Plant used as a cough medicine. Reagan, Albert B., 1928, Plants Used by the Bois Fort Chippewa (Ojibwa) Indians of Minnesota, Wisconsin Archeologist 7(4):230-248, page 244 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Dermatological Aid Balsam gum used for sores and compound containing leaves used as a wash. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Diaphoretic Needle-like leaves used as part of the medicine for the sweatbath. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Eye Medicine Liquid balsam from bark blister used for sore eyes. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Drug, Stimulant Leaves used as a reviver and used in compound as a wash. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 378 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa Fiber, Canoe Material Resin boiled twice and added to suet or fat to make a canoe pitch. Smith, Huron H., 1932, Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of Milwaukee 4:327-525, page 420 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Cold Remedy Bark gum taken for chest soreness from colds. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark gum applied to cuts and sores. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Diaphoretic Decoction of bark used to induce sweating. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Venereal Aid Bark gum taken for gonorrhea. Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 198 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Drug, Cold Remedy Fresh balsam gum swallowed for colds. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Drug, Cold Remedy Needles used to make pillows, believing that the aroma kept one from having a cold. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Drug, Dermatological Aid Balsam gum used as a salve for sores. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Infusion of bark taken for 'consumption and other internal affections.' Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 68, 69 |
| Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. Balsam Fir USDA ABBA |
Potawatomi Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Needles used to make pillows, believing that the aroma kept one from having a cold. Smith, Huron H., 1933, Ethnobotany of the Forest Potawatomi Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 7:1-230, page 121 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Klamath Dye, Brown Bark used as a tan dye for buckskin. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 88 |
| Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White Fir USDA ABCOC |
Klamath Other, Hide Preparation Bark used to tan buckskin. Coville, Frederick V., 1897, Notes On The Plants Used By The Klamath Indians Of Oregon., Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 5(2):87-110, page 88 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Eye Medicine Compound of gum drawn on a hair across sore eyes. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for stomach trouble. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Throat Aid Compound of gum from bark blisters warmed and taken for sore throat. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Bella Coola Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of root bark or stem taken every day for tuberculosis. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Unspecified Tree used as medicine. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of compound containing bark applied for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of compound containing bark applied to boils or ulcers. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Gitksan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 50 |
| Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. Grand Fir USDA ABGRG |
Karok Drug, Tonic Infusion of needles taken as a tonic. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 379 |