| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Fruit Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Fruit Ripe fruit used for food. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Makah Food, Preserves Ripe fruit used to make jelly. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Cough Medicine Infusion of bark taken for coughs. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Dietary Aid Infusion of bark taken for losing weight. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark taken for 'any kind of sickness.' Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Tonic Bark and roots used as a tonic for young men in training. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Tonic Used as a tonic to 'repair the damage done by the elder' during puberty rites. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Drug, Unspecified Used as a medicine. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 268 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Food, Forage Fruits eaten by grouse. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Other, Hunting & Fishing Item V-shaped branches used as gaffs for salmon. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Nitinaht Other, Tools Wood used to make digging sticks. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 121 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Drug, Oral Aid Bark chewed by hunters to suppress thirst. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Fruit boiled and stored under grease in special boxes for future use. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Food, Fruit Overripe fruit cooked with sugar and eaten. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Oweekeno Other, Cooking Tools Wood used to make spoons. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 109 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of bark taken for lung trouble. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Drug, Venereal Aid Infusion used for gonorrhea. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Food, Fruit Fruits eaten for food. Reagan, Albert B., 1936, Plants Used by the Hoh and Quileute Indians, Kansas Academy of Science 37:55-70, page 64 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make seal spear prongs and as bait lure on sea bass hooks. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quileute Other, Tools Wood used to make mauls for driving stakes. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Analgesic Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.' Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of bark taken for 'soreness inside, for it is throughout the blood.' Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of bark used as an eyewash. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Quinault Food, Fruit Fruits stored in baskets until soft and used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Saanich Drug, Panacea Infusion of bark and wild cherry bark taken as a cure all tonic. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Salish, Coast Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Salish, Coast Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood used to make halibut hooks, bows and fishing floats. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Salish, Coast Other, Tools Wood used to make digging sticks and adze handles. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 87 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Samish Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark used as a wash for cuts. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Samish Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of bark taken for stomach disorders. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Samish Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Skagit, Upper Food, Fruit Fruit ripened in storage and then eaten. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Swinomish Drug, Dermatological Aid Decoction of bark used as a wash for cuts. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Swinomish Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of bark taken for stomach disorders. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Swinomish Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Thompson Drug, Analgesic Decoction of bark and cascara bark taken for sciatica. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 262 |
| Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. Oregon Crabapple USDA MAFU |
Thompson Food, Fruit Fruit picked in fall when still green, allowed to ripen in a basket and eaten with oulachen oil. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 262 |