| Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. Maximilian Sunflower USDA HEMA2 |
Sioux Food, Unspecified Tubers were dug and eaten. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 13 |
| Helianthus niveus ssp. canescens (Gray) Heiser Showy Sunflower USDA HENIC |
Keres, Western Drug, Hemostat Stem juice applied to open bleeding wounds. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 47 |
| Helianthus nuttallii Torr. & Gray Nuttall's Sunflower USDA HENUN |
Navajo Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Infusion of dried, crushed leaves taken for stomach troubles. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 87 |
| Helianthus occidentalis Riddell Fewleaf Sunflower USDA HEOCO |
Ojibwa, South Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of crushed root applied to 'bruises and contusions.' Hoffman, W.J., 1891, The Midewiwin or 'Grand Medicine Society' of the Ojibwa, SI-BAE Annual Report #7, page 199 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Havasupai Food, Dried Food Seeds sun dried and stored for winter use. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 248 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Havasupai Food, Preserves Seeds parched, ground, kneaded into seed butter and eaten with fruit drinks or spread on bread. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Havasupai Food, Staple Seeds ground and eaten as a ground or parched meal. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 67 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Drug, Dermatological Aid Plant used as a 'spider bite medicine.' Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 32, 96 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Drug, Other Used as a spider medicine. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 324 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Food, Fodder Used as an important food for summer birds. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 96 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Dried petals ground and mixed with corn meal to make yellow face powder for women's basket dance. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 324 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Other, Decorations Petals dried, ground, mixed with yellow corn meal and used as a face powder in women's basket dance. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 96 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Other, Decorations Whole plant used in the decoration of flute priests in the Flute ceremony. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 324 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Hopi Other, Season Indicator Amount of flowers present used as a sign that there will be copious rains and abundant harvest. Colton, Harold S., 1974, Hopi History And Ethnobotany, IN D. A. Horr (ed.) Hopi Indians. Garland: New York., page 324 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Hunting Medicine Cold infusion of flowers sprinkled on clothing for good luck in hunting. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Panacea Cold infusion of whole plant used as 'life medicine.' Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 52 |
| Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie Sunflower USDA HEPEP |
Thompson Drug, Dermatological Aid Powdered leaves alone or in ointment used on sores and swellings. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 469 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Apache, Western Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground, mixed with corn meal, put into hot water and eaten as a pasty bread. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 184 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Apache, Western Food, Candy Seeds parched and ground with mescal to taste like candy. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 184 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Apache, Western Food, Porridge Seeds made into meal, mixed with corn meal and boiled with salt into a cereal. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 184 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Apache, Western Food, Special Food Seeds ground and used by army scouts as rations. Buskirk, Winfred, 1986, The Western Apache: Living With the Land Before 1950, Norman. University of Oklahoma Press, page 184 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Cheyenne Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Flower heads used in the Massaum ceremony. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 21 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Havasupai Food, Bread & Cake Seeds ground, made into small cakes and baked for a short time. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 65 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hopi Dye, Black Seeds used to make a black textile and basketry dye. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hopi Dye, Purple Seeds used to make a purple dye for basketry and textiles. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hopi Food, Dried Food Seeds dried, cracked and eaten like nuts after dyes were obtained from them. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hopi Other, Ceremonial Items Seeds used to make a ceremonial body paint. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hualapai Dye, Black Seeds used to make a black dye. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 2 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hualapai Dye, Purple Seeds used to make a purple dye. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 2 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hualapai Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 2 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Hualapai Food, Winter Use Food Seeds stored for winter use. Watahomigie, Lucille J., 1982, Hualapai Ethnobotany, Peach Springs, AZ. Hualapai Bilingual Program, Peach Springs School District #8, page 2 |
| Helianthus sp. Wild Sunflower |
Thompson Food, Unspecified Seeds eaten in quantities, especially by children. Steedman, E.V., 1928, The Ethnobotany of the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, SI-BAE Annual Report #45:441-522, page 492 |
| Helianthus strumosus L. Paleleaf Woodland Sunflower USDA HEST |
Iroquois Drug, Anthelmintic Decoction of roots given to children and adults with worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469 |
| Helianthus strumosus L. Paleleaf Woodland Sunflower USDA HEST |
Iroquois Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of roots given to children with worms. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 469 |
| Helianthus strumosus L. Paleleaf Woodland Sunflower USDA HEST |
Meskwaki Drug, Pulmonary Aid Infusion of root taken for lung troubles. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 215 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Cherokee Food, Vegetable Root used as a vegetable food. Perry, Myra Jean, 1975, Food Use of 'Wild' Plants by Cherokee Indians, The University of Tennessee, M.S. Thesis, page 34 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Cheyenne Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Hart, Jeffrey A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Northern Cheyenne Indians of Montana, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4:1-55, page 45 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Chippewa Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw like a radish. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 319 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Dakota Food, Unspecified Tubers boiled and sometimes fried after boiling for food. Overuse of these tubers was said to cause flatulency. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 369 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Tubers eaten in the spring. Whiting, Alfred F., 1939, Ethnobotany of the Hopi, Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin #15, page 97 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Huron Food, Starvation Food Roots used with acorns during famine. Aller, Wilma F., 1954, Aboriginal Food Utilization of Vegetation by the Indians of the Great Lake Region As Recorded in the Jesuit Relations, Wisconsin Archeologist 35:59-73, page 63 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Roots used raw, boiled or fried. Waugh, F. W., 1916, Iroquis Foods and Food Preparation, Ottawa. Canada Department of Mines, page 120 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Lakota Food, Starvation Food Dried and eaten during famines. Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 47 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Lakota Food, Unspecified Eaten fresh. Kraft, Shelly Katheren, 1990, Recent Changes in the Ethnobotany of Standing Rock Indian Reservation, University of North Dakota, M.A. Thesis, page 47 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Lakota Food, Unspecified Stalks and tubers used for food. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 38 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Malecite Food, Unspecified Species used for food. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Micmac Food, Unspecified Tubers eaten. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1951, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Micmac Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41:250-259, page 258 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Omaha Food, Fruit Fruits eaten raw. Fletcher, Alice C. and Francis La Flesche, 1911, The Omaha Tribe, SI-BAE Annual Report #27, page 341 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Omaha Food, Unspecified Noncultivated tubers eaten raw, boiled or roasted. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 131 |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke USDA HETU |
Omaha Food, Unspecified Tubers used as a common food article. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, A Study in the Ethnobotany of the Omaha Indians, Nebraska State Historical Society Collections 17:314-57., page 325 |