| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Bella Coola Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of root bark and stems taken for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Bella Coola Drug, Cathartic Root bark chewed as purgative and decoction of root bark and stems taken. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Bella Coola Drug, Emetic Inner bark chewed as an emetic. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Bella Coola Other, Protection Spiny stems used as protective charms against supernatural powers. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 201 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier Drug, Analgesic Poultice of bark scrapings applied or bark pills taken for pain. Carrier Linguistic Committee, 1973, Plants of Carrier Country, Fort St. James, BC. Carrier Linguistic Committee, page 82 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Analgesic Inner bark taken for stomach and bowel cramps. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Cathartic Inner bark acts as a purgative, especially if taken with hot water. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier, Northern Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Inside layer of inner bark taken for stomach and bowel cramps. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Cathartic Decoction of bark taken as a purgative before and after childbirth. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Carrier, Southern Drug, Gynecological Aid Decoction of bark taken as a purgative before and after childbirth. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Cheyenne Drug, Analgesic Root mixed with tobacco and smoked for headache. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Clallam Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Sticks peeled, cut into pieces, fastened to bass fishing line and used to attract fish. Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Clallam Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Wood made into fishing lures. Fleisher, Mark S., 1980, The Ethnobotany of the Clallam Indians of Western Washington, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 14(2):192-210, page 197 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Cowlitz Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Infusion of bark used as wash for rheumatism. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Cowlitz Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of bark taken for colds. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Cowlitz Drug, Poison Plant considered poisonous. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Crow Drug, Analgesic Root mixed with tobacco and smoked for headache. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 12 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Analgesic Fresh or dried inner bark used for stomach ulcers and pain. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Analgesic Infusion of dried bark used for stomach pain and ulcers. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J. and Beverley Anderson, 1988, Gitksan Traditional Medicine: Herbs And Healing, Journal of Ethnobiology 8(1):13-33, page 16 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Antihemorrhagic Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Bark and other plants used for arthritis. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Poultice of compound containing bark used for rheumatism. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Cancer Treatment Bark and other plants used for cancer. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Cathartic Compound decoction taken as a diuretic and purgative for 'strangury.' Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of inner bark used for colds. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of inner bark used for coughs. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark and other plants used as a skin wash. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of compound containing bark applied to boils and ulcers. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Diuretic Compound decoction taken as a diuretic and purgative for 'strangury.' Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used as a 'cleanser.' Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Bark and other plants used for diabetes. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Decoction of inner bark used for flu. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Orthopedic Aid Decoction taken to aid the knitting of broken bones. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Other Compound decoction taken continuously for rupture. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Pulmonary Aid Poultice of compound containing bark used as a chest plaster for lung hemorrhage. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Respiratory Aid Bark and other plants used for bronchitis. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Tonic Decoction of inner bark used as a tonic. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Bark and other plants used for tuberculosis. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Drug, Venereal Aid Decoction taken as a purgative for gonorrhea. Smith, Harlan I., 1929, Materia Medica of the Bella Coola and Neighboring Tribes of British Columbia, National Museum of Canada Bulletin 56:47-68, page 62 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Gitksan Other, Ceremonial Items Inner bark chewed during pre-hunting purification rituals. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Green River Group Drug, Cold Remedy Infusion of roots taken for colds. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Green River Group Drug, Dermatological Aid Dried bark used as a deodorant. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 41 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Bark and other plants used for arthritis. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Cancer Treatment Bark and other plants used for cancer. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Cold Remedy Decoction of inner bark used for colds. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Cough Medicine Decoction of inner bark used for coughs. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Dermatological Aid Bark and other plants used as a skin wash. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of inner bark applied to wounds. Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |
| Oplopanax horridus Miq. Devilsclub USDA OPHO |
Haisla Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Bark used as a 'cleanser.' Gottesfeld, Leslie M. J., 1992, The Importance of Bark Products in the Aboriginal Economies of Northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Economic Botany 46(2):148-157, page 152 |