| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Chippewa Dye, Red Inner bark boiled, cedar ashes added and used to make a red dye. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 370 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Chippewa Food, Unspecified Acorns, with the tannin removed by using wood ash lye and leached out with water, used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 129 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Chippewa Other, Tools Used for awls. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Comanche Fiber, Building Material Trunks used for fence posts. Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Comanche Food, Unspecified Acorns used for food. Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 524 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Concow Food, Bread & Cake Acorns made into bread and eaten. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Concow Food, Porridge Acorns made into mush and eaten. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 333 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Costanoan Drug, Antidiarrheal Infusion of acorns used for diarrhea. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 20 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Costanoan Drug, Toothache Remedy Decoction of bark used for toothaches and to tighten loose teeth. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 20 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Costanoan Food, Unspecified Acorns used for food. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Costanoan Other, Cooking Tools Wood used for bowls and mortars. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Costanoan Other, Fuel Bark used as tinder. Bocek, Barbara R., 1984, Ethnobotany of Costanoan Indians, California, Based on Collections by John P. Harrington, Economic Botany 38(2):240-255, page 248 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Creek Drug, Orthopedic Aid Compound decoction of bark used as a wash to strengthen children unable to walk. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 665 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Creek Drug, Pediatric Aid Compound decoction of bark used as a wash to strengthen children unable to walk. Swanton, John R, 1928, Religious Beliefs and Medical Practices of the Creek Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #42:473-672, page 665 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Dakota Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root bark given for bowel trouble, especially in children. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Dakota Drug, Pediatric Aid Decoction of root bark given for bowel trouble, especially in children. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 75 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Drug, Other Infusion of bark and elm bark taken for ruptures caused by violence. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 38 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Drug, Throat Aid Poultice of inner bark used for 'sore throats that will not heal.' Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 302 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound used for tuberculosis. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 302 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Beverage Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and liquid used as a drink. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Bread & Cake Fresh nut meats crushed and mixed with bread. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Pie & Pudding Fresh nut meats crushed and mixed with corn pudding. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Soup Acorns boiled, roasted, pounded, mixed with meal or meat and eaten as soup. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Special Food Fresh nut meats crushed, boiled and oil used as a delicacy in corn bread and pudding. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Iroquois Food, Unspecified Acorns eaten raw by children. Parker, Arthur Caswell, 1910, Iroquois Uses of Maize and Other Food Plants, Albany, NY. University of the State of New York, page 99 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Malecite Drug, Unspecified Used to make medicines. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Malecite Food, Unspecified Acorns baked and used for food. Speck, Frank G. and R.W. Dexter, 1952, Utilization of Animals and Plants by the Malecite Indians of New Brunswick, Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42:1-7, page 6 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Mendocino Indian Drug, Dietary Aid Plant used for fattening. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 26 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Miwok Food, Bread & Cake Acorns ground into a meal and used to make bread and biscuits. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Miwok Food, Soup Acorns ground into a meal and used to make soup. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 142 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Miwok Other, Cooking Tools Wood used to make mush stirring paddles. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 146 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Fiber, Basketry Twigs used as the framework of a temporary carrying basket. A temporary carrying basket was made of two staves or bows of oak twigs crossed in the center and brought upwards to the hoop. This framework was then covered with sheep or goatskin. These carrying baskets were usually made in the field for carrying yucca fruits. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Food, Staple Dried acorns ground into flour. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Food, Unspecified Acorns boiled like beans and roasted over coals. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Curled twig used as a drum stick in the War Dance Ceremony. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Sticks inserted in crevice above door during the dedication and purification of the hogan. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Used to make digging sticks for the Female Shooting Life Chant for digging medicinal roots. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Ceremonial Items Wood used, because of it's hardness and great resisting power, in nearly all of the ceremonies. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Containers Acorn shells used to hold medicine and a humming bird was made to sip from each shell. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Hunting & Fishing Item Used to make throwing sticks. The Navajo throwing stick, which was of oak, was made by whittling the piece down to the shape of a batten and then heating it and bending it over the knee to give it a slight curve. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Tools Concave hole in wood used as a die to make metallic hemispheres for beads and sunflower blossoms. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Tools Used to make batten stick for weaving. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Tools Used to make hoes and digging sticks. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Toys & Games Stick curved in hot ashes to make a 'j' shaped stick or bat for shinny and other games. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Toys & Games Sticks kicked out of the ground while playing 'football.' Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Weapon Branches used to make clubs. In warfare, clubs were used by some of the warriors. The older type consisted of a grooved stone, which was hafted by twisting a small branch from an oak twice around the grooved section of the stone and tying the free ends together. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Navajo Other, Weapon Wood used to make the bow carried into war. Elmore, Francis H., 1944, Ethnobotany of the Navajo, Sante Fe, NM. School of American Research, page 40 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Neeshenam Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Burning pitch smoke inhaled for rheumatism. Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Neeshenam Drug, Burn Dressing Poultice of powdered acorns applied to burns or scalds. Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |
| Quercus sp. Red Oak |
Neeshenam Drug, Cold Remedy Burning pitch smoke inhaled for colds. Powers, Stephen, 1874, Aboriginal Botany, Proceedings of the California Academy of Science 5:373-9., page 374 |