| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Blackfoot Drug, Antihemorrhagic Decoction of root used for hemorrhages. McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Blackfoot Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of root used for stomach trouble. McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 275 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Chehalis Dye, Yellow Roots used to make a yellow dye. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Karok Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Leaves and roots used as a steambath for 'yellow fever.' Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Karok Drug, Other Fruits, if eaten, caused diarrhea. Baker, Marc A., 1981, The Ethnobotany of the Yurok, Tolowa and Karok Indians of Northwest California, Humboldt State University, M.A. Thesis, page 38 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Karok Drug, Panacea Decoction of roots taken as a good medicine for all kinds of sickness. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Karok Drug, Poison Plant considered poisonous. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Karok Other, Paint Fruit mixed with salmon glue and pounded larkspur flowers and used to paint arrows and bows. Schenck, Sara M. and E. W. Gifford, 1952, Karok Ethnobotany, Anthropological Records 13(6):377-392, page 383 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Keres, Western Drug, Other Plant chewed for sickness that occurred during hunting when approached by a dying deer. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Keres, Western Drug, Preventive Medicine Infusion of leaves used to prevent sickness that occurred while hunting and approached by dying deer Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 32 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Klallam Food, Fruit Berries used for food. Gunther, Erna, 1927, Klallam Ethnography, Seattle. University of Washington Press, page 197 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Fruit Sour berries occasionally used for food. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 279 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Makah Dye, Yellow Roots or possibly the leaves used for yellow dye. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Makah Food, Preserves Fruit used to make preserves. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Laxative Used as a laxative. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Used with hemlock and alder as drink for tuberculosis. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Nitinaht Drug, Unspecified Bark used medicinally. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 254 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Nitinaht Dye, Yellow Bark scrapings steeped and used as a yellow dye. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 98 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of branches and chokecherry branches taken for the 'changing of the blood.' Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of branches taken as a blood tonic. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of plant used to wash out blurry or bloodshot eyes. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Kidney Aid Decoction of roots and chokecherry or kinnikinnick branches taken for bad kidneys. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Drug, Kidney Aid Roots used to make a tonic for the kidneys. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Dye, Yellow Stem and root inner bark used as bright yellow dye for basket materials, wool and porcupine quills. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Okanagan-Colville Food, Fruit Berries eaten raw. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Salish, Coast Dye, Yellow Root bark shredded, boiled and used as a yellow dye for basketry. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 78 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Salish, Coast Food, Preserves Berries used to make jelly. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1971, The Ethnobotany of the Coast Salish Indians of Vancouver Island, I and II, Economic Botany 25(1):63-104, 335-339, page 78 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Samish Drug, Tonic Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Samish Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Drug, Antiemetic Decoction of stem tips taken for vomiting. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 219 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of root parts used as a wash for the eyes. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 219 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Decoction of stem tips taken 'to relieve a disturbed stomach.' Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 219 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Decoction of roots used for tuberculosis. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 219 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil Food, Preserves Berries boiled into a jam. Turner, Nancy J., R. Bouchard and Dorothy I.D. Kennedy, 1980, Ethnobotany of the Okanagan-Colville Indians of British Columbia and Washington, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 85 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Sanpoil and Nespelem Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Ray, Verne F., 1932, The Sanpoil and Nespelem: Salishan Peoples of Northeastern Washington, University of Washington Publications in Anthropology, Vol. 5, page 102 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Skagit Dye, Yellow Roots used to make a yellow dye. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Skagit, Upper Food, Dried Food Berries pulped, dried and stored in cakes for winter use. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 37 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Skagit, Upper Food, Fruit Fruit eaten raw or mashed. Theodoratus, Robert J., 1989, Loss, Transfer, and Reintroduction in the Use of Wild Plant Foods in the Upper Skagit Valley, Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 23(1):35-52, page 38 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Snohomish Dye, Yellow Roots used to make a yellow dye. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Snohomish Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Squaxin Drug, Blood Medicine Infusion of roots taken to purify the blood. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Squaxin Drug, Throat Aid Infusion of roots used as a gargle for sore throats. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Squaxin Food, Fruit Berries eaten. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Swinomish Drug, Tonic Infusion of roots taken as a general tonic. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Swinomish Food, Fruit Berries eaten fresh. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 30 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Thompson Drug, Antirheumatic (External) Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark used as a wash for arthritis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Thompson Drug, Antirheumatic (Internal) Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken for arthritis. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Thompson Drug, Blood Medicine Decoction of peeled, chopped rootbark taken as a blood tonic. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |
| Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Hollyleaved Barberry USDA MAAQ2 |
Thompson Drug, Eye Medicine Infusion of stems and bark used to make an eyewash for red, itchy eyes. The woody stems were broken, the bark scraped off and boiling water was poured over it to make an infusion. Turner, Nancy J., Laurence C. Thompson and M. Terry Thompson et al., 1990, Thompson Ethnobotany: Knowledge and Usage of Plants by the Thompson Indians of British Columbia, Victoria. Royal British Columbia Museum, page 187 |