| Dalea nana var. nana Dwarf Prairieclover USDA DANAN |
Keres, Western Drug, Strengthener Infusion of plant used as a tonic for weak children. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 57 |
| Dalea purpurea Vent. Purple Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Montana Indian Drug, Dermatological Aid Poultice of steeped, bruised leaves applied to fresh wounds. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 17 |
| Dalea purpurea Vent. Purple Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Navajo Food, Beverage Leaves used to make tea. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Chippewa Drug, Heart Medicine Decoction of leaves and blossoms taken for heart trouble. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 338 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Comanche Food, Candy Roots chewed for sweet flavor. Carlson, Gustav G. and Volney H. Jones, 1940, Some Notes on Uses of Plants by the Comanche Indians, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 25:517-542, page 523 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Lakota Food, Candy Roots chewed as a gum. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 47 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Meskwaki Drug, Antidiarrheal Compound containing florets used for diarrhea. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 229 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Meskwaki Drug, Misc. Disease Remedy Infusion of root taken for measles. Smith, Huron H., 1928, Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326, page 229 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Navajo Drug, Pulmonary Aid Plant used for pneumonia. Hocking, George M., 1956, Some Plant Materials Used Medicinally and Otherwise by the Navaho Indians in the Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, El Palacio 56:146-165, page 154 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Oglala Food, Beverage Leaves sometimes used to make a tea like beverage. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Pawnee Drug, Panacea Infusion of root taken as a prophylactic to keep away disease. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Pawnee Fiber, Brushes & Brooms Tough, elastic stems made into brooms and used to sweep the lodge. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Dalea purpurea var. purpurea Violet Prairieclover USDA DAPUP |
Ponca Food, Candy Root chewed for the pleasant taste. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 94 |
| Dalea villosa var. villosa Silky Prairieclover USDA DAVIV |
Lakota Drug, Cathartic Roots used as a purge. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 47 |
| Dalea villosa var. villosa Silky Prairieclover USDA DAVIV |
Lakota Drug, Throat Aid Leaves and blossoms eaten for swellings inside the throat. Rogers, Dilwyn J, 1980, Lakota Names and Traditional Uses of Native Plants by Sicangu (Brule) People in the Rosebud Area, South Dakota, St. Francis, SD. Rosebud Educational Scoiety, page 47 |
| Lysichiton americanus Hult‚n & St. John American Skunkcabbage USDA LYAM3 |
Kwakiutl, Southern Other, Cooking Tools Leaves used to wrap wild clover roots for baking, boiling and steaming. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
| Medicago polymorpha L. Burclover USDA MEPO3 |
Cahuilla Food, Porridge Parched, ground seeds used to make mush. Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel, 1972, Temalpakh (From the Earth); Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plants, Banning, CA. Malki Museum Press, page 88 |
| Medicago polymorpha L. Burclover USDA MEPO3 |
Mendocino Indian Food, Forage Dried seed pods eaten by sheep in summer. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 358 |
| Medicago polymorpha L. Burclover USDA MEPO3 |
Mendocino Indian Food, Forage Seeds and leaves used as a forage plant. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 358 |
| Melilotus indicus (L.) All. Annual Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEIN2 |
Isleta Other, Insecticide Plant used in beds as a bed bug repellant. Jones, Volney H., 1931, The Ethnobotany of the Isleta Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 34 |
| Melilotus indicus (L.) All. Annual Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEIN2 |
Pima Other, Toys & Games Used in target shooting games. Curtin, L. S. M., 1949, By the Prophet of the Earth, Sante Fe. San Vicente Foundation, page 131 |
| Melilotus indicus (L.) All. Annual Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEIN2 |
Pomo, Kashaya Drug, Laxative Decoction of whole plant taken as a purgative, a very strong laxative. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 37 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Dakota Other, Incense & Fragrance Bunches of plants hung in the home for the fragrance. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Dakota Other, Incense & Fragrance Bunches of plants hung in the home for the fragrance. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 91 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Dakota Other, Incense & Fragrance Grass hung in houses for the pleasant fragrance. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1913, Some Native Nebraska Plants With Their Uses by the Dakota, Collections of the Nebraska State Historical Society 17:358-70, page 365 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Iroquois Drug, Dermatological Aid Infusion of flowers and rhizomes from another plant applied to the face for pimples and sunburn. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De Caughnawaga, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:7-72, page 49 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Iroquois Drug, Febrifuge Infusion taken for typhoid-like fever caused by odor from killed snake. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 364 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Iroquois Other, Incense & Fragrance Flowers used in a bouquet to perfume the house. Rousseau, Jacques, 1945, Le Folklore Botanique De L'ile Aux Coudres, Contributions de l'Institut botanique l'Universite de Montreal 55:75-111, page 93 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Jemez Food, Forage Plant very nutritious food for horses. Cook, Sarah Louise, 1930, The Ethnobotany of Jemez Indians., University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 25 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Keres, Western Other, Insecticide Plant used in beds as a bed bug repellant. Swank, George R., 1932, The Ethnobotany of the Acoma and Laguna Indians, University of New Mexico, M.A. Thesis, page 53 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cold Remedy Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for colds caused by becoming chilled. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 33 |
| Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover USDA MEOF |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cold Remedy Cold infusion taken and used as lotion for colds caused by becoming chilled. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 33 |
| Melilotus sp. Sweet Clover |
Havasupai Other, Incense & Fragrance Leaves dried, ground, placed in a small bundle and tied onto women's clothes as a perfume. Weber, Steven A. and P. David Seaman, 1985, Havasupai Habitat: A. F. Whiting's Ethnography of a Traditional Indian Culture, Tucson. The University of Arizona Press, page 227 |
| Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. Yellow Owlclover USDA ORLU2 |
Blackfoot Dye, Red Leaves crushed and pressed firmly into skins, horsehair and feathers as a red dye. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 53 |
| Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. Yellow Owlclover USDA ORLU2 |
Blackfoot Dye, Red Plant pounded and pressed firmly into the gopher skin as a red dye. McClintock, Walter, 1909, Medizinal- Und Nutzpflanzen Der Schwarzfuss Indianer, Zeitschriff fur Ethnologie 41:273-9, page 276 |
| Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. Yellow Owlclover USDA ORLU2 |
Blackfoot Dye, Red-Brown Whole, blooming plant pressed firmly into skins, horsehair and feathers as a reddish tan dye. Johnston, Alex, 1987, Plants and the Blackfoot, Lethbridge, Alberta. Lethbridge Historical Society, page 53 |
| Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. Yellow Owlclover USDA ORLU2 |
Great Basin Indian Dye, Yellow Whole plant used to make a yellow dye. Nickerson, Gifford S., 1966, Some Data on Plains and Great Basin Indian Uses of Certain Native Plants, Tebiwa 9(1):45-51, page 50 |
| Orthocarpus purpureoalbus Gray ex S. Wats. Purplewhite Owlclover USDA ORPU2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Cathartic Decoction of whole plant taken as a cathartic. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44 |
| Orthocarpus purpureoalbus Gray ex S. Wats. Purplewhite Owlclover USDA ORPU2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Ceremonial Medicine Compound decoction used as ceremonial medicine. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44 |
| Orthocarpus purpureoalbus Gray ex S. Wats. Purplewhite Owlclover USDA ORPU2 |
Navajo, Ramah Drug, Gastrointestinal Aid Cold infusion of plant taken for heartburn. Vestal, Paul A., 1952, The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho, Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 40(4):1-94, page 44 |
| Taxus brevifolia Nutt. Pacific Yew USDA TABR2 |
Kwakiutl, Southern Other, Tools Used to make curved digging sticks for prying wild clover roots. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
| Trifolium albopurpureum Torr. & Gray Rancheria Clover USDA TRAL5 |
Pomo, Kashaya Food, Unspecified Leaves eaten alone or with salt or peppernut cakes. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 36 |
| Trifolium bifidum Gray Notchleaf Clover USDA TRBI |
Mendocino Indian Food, Staple Seeds eaten as a pinole. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 360 |
| Trifolium bifidum Gray Notchleaf Clover USDA TRBI |
Mendocino Indian Food, Unspecified Eaten sparingly when young. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 360 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Luiseno Food, Unspecified Plant eaten both cooked and raw. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 231 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Luiseno Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Sparkman, Philip S., 1908, The Culture of the Luiseno Indians, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234, page 231 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Miwok Food, Dried Food Dried clover stored for later use. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Miwok Food, Dried Food Steamed clover dried for later use. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Miwok Food, Unspecified Raw or steamed clover used for food. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |
| Trifolium ciliolatum Benth. Foothill Clover USDA TRCI |
Miwok Food, Unspecified Steamed clover used for food. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |