| Trifolium willdenowii Spreng. Tomcat Clover USDA TRWI |
Paiute Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 |
| Trifolium willdenowii Spreng. Tomcat Clover USDA TRWI |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Whole plant used, without cooking, as greens. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 243 |
| Trifolium willdenowii Spreng. Tomcat Clover USDA TRWI |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Young, tender plants eaten uncooked as greens. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Bella Coola Food, Unspecified White, brittle roots formerly pit steamed or boiled and eaten with eulachon grease and stink salmon. Turner, Nancy J., 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Bella Coola Indians of British Columbia, Syesis 6:193-220, page 205 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Haisla and Hanaksiala Food, Unspecified Rhizomes used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 251 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Hesquiat Food, Unspecified Steamed or boiled rhizomes eaten with oil or stink salmon eggs. Stink salmon eggs made by placing salmon roe in a cod-fish stomach, plugging it with a cedarwood cork, and allowing the eggs to ferment. Turner, Nancy J. and Barbara S. Efrat, 1982, Ethnobotany of the Hesquiat Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 68 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Kawaiisu Food, Vegetable Green leaves eaten raw with salt. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 68 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Kitasoo Food, Unspecified Rhizomes used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 337 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Kwakiutl, Southern Food, Vegetable Thin, wiry roots dried, steamed or boiled, dipped in oil and eaten as vegetables. Turner, Nancy Chapman and Marcus A. M. Bell, 1973, The Ethnobotany of the Southern Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Economic Botany 27:257-310, page 285 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Makah Drug, Unspecified Used for medicine. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 281 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Makah Food, Unspecified Roots steamed and eaten. Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 38 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Mendocino Indian Food, Unspecified Flowers and leaves used for food. Chestnut, V. K., 1902, Plants Used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California, Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium 7:295-408., page 362 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Miwok Food, Beverage Wilted, dry leaves soaked and stirred in cold water to make a sour drink. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Miwok Food, Unspecified Leaves and flowers, never cooked or dried, eaten raw. Barrett, S. A. and E. W. Gifford, 1933, Miwok Material Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 2(4):11, page 160 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nitinaht Food, Dried Food Rhizomes steam cooked, dried, re-steamed, dipped in oil and eaten in winter. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nitinaht Food, Unspecified Rhizomes eaten as accompaniments to cooked duck. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 131 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nitinaht Food, Unspecified Rhizomes steam cooked, cooled and eaten immediately. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 110 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nitinaht Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw or cooked with fermented salmon eggs. Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 281 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nitinaht Food, Vegetable Rhizomes formerly steamed, dried and used as a vegetable food in winter. Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 63 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Nuxalkmc Food, Unspecified Rhizomes used for food. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 251 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Oweekeno Food, Unspecified Rhizomes cooked with riceroot and eaten. Compton, Brian Douglas, 1993, Upper North Wakashan and Southern Tsimshian Ethnobotany: The Knowledge and Usage of Plants..., Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, page 102 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Paiute Food, Vegetable Leaves eaten uncooked as greens. Steward, Julian H., 1933, Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 33(3):233-250, page 244 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Pomo, Kashaya Food, Unspecified Flowers and leaves eaten alone or with salt or peppernut cakes. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 38 |
| Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. Cows Clover USDA TRWO |
Tubatulabal Food, Unspecified Leaves and stems used extensively for food. Voegelin, Ermine W., 1938, Tubatulabal Ethnography, Anthropological Records 2(1):1-84, page 15 |
| Umbellularia sp. Laurel |
Pomo Food, Unspecified Nuts roasted in ashes and eaten with fresh clover. Merriam, C. Hart, 1966, Ethnographic Notes on California Indian Tribes, University of California Archaeological Research Facility, Berkeley, page 284 |