| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Clothing Used as the warps and the twining wefts for clothing. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 86 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Clothing Used as the warps for sandals. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 83 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Clothing Used to secure the edges of skirts. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 81 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used in a simple pile for seating. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 87 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used to make twined mats for the insides of houses. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 87 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used to secure the edges of mats. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 81 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Porridge Seeds parched, ground into flour and made into mush. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Unspecified Seeds used for food. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 48 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Winter Use Food Seeds parched and stored for later use. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Other, Fasteners Used as ties for sandals. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 81 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Paiute, Northern Other, Fasteners Used for wefts and binding tule items. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 81 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Panamint Other, Decorations Roots used as dark brown or black decorations for baskets. Kirk, R.E., 1952, Panamint Basketry, Masterkey 26(76-86):, page 78 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Pima, Gila River Food, Unspecified Roots eaten raw. Rea, Amadeo M., 1991, Gila River Pima Dietary Reconstruction, Arid Lands Newsletter 31:3-10, page 7 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Pomo Fiber, Basketry Grass used for basketry. This sedge has a central section, coal-black, which color can be deepened by burying in manure or in blue mud. Murphey, Edith Van Allen, 1990, Indian Uses of Native Plants, Glenwood, Ill. Meyerbooks. Originally published in 1959, page 6 |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye Saltmarsh Bulrush USDA SCMA8 |
Pomo Fiber, Basketry Root stock fibers used as design material for baskets. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 137 |
| Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens Threesquare Bulrush USDA SCPUP5 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Porridge Seeds ground lightly into a flour and boiled into a mush. Fowler, Catherine S., 1989, Willards Z. Park's Ethnographic Notes on the Northern Paiute of Western Nevada 1933-1940, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 49 |
| Schoenoplectus pungens var. pungens Threesquare Bulrush USDA SCPUP5 |
Paiute, Northern Food, Porridge Seeds parched, ground into flour and made into mush. Fowler, Catherine S., 1990, Tule Technology: Northern Paiute Uses of Marsh Resources in Western Nevada, Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press, page 74 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Basketry Slender rootstock cores used as pattern material for coiled baskets. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified Autumn tubers used for food. Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 23 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Basketry Plant made into the heavy hoop used at the opening of the conical burden basket. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Basketry Stems used to make plain-twined baskets. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Building Material Stems used as foundation material. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Building Material Stems used for thatch. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Clothing Skins used as swaddling clothes or soft padding. Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 92 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used to make mats. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Fiber, Sewing Material Root used as a weft or sewing material. Barrett, S. A., 1908, Pomo Indian Basketry, University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 7:134-308, page 140 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Food, Vegetable Roots eaten as greens. Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 92 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo Food, Vegetable Young shoots eaten as greens. Barrett, S. A., 1952, Material Aspects of Pomo Culture, Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 20, page 92 |
| Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong Alkali Bulrush USDA SCRO5 |
Pomo, Kashaya Fiber, Basketry Root used to form the black part of the basket design. Goodrich, Jennie and Claudia Lawson, 1980, Kashaya Pomo Plants, Los Angeles. American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, page 28 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Decoction of plant taken as an emetic. Taylor, Linda Averill, 1940, Plants Used As Curatives by Certain Southeastern Tribes, Cambridge, MA. Botanical Museum of Harvard University, page 6 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Emetic Decoction used as emetic. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cherokee Drug, Oral Aid Compound used as medicine for 'spoiled saliva.' Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey, 1975, Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History, Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co., page 27 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Chippewa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Plant used for weaving floor and wall mats. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1933, Some Chippewa Uses of Plants, Ann Arbor. University of Michigan Press, page 124 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Chippewa Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Used for mats. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Chippewa Food, Unspecified Sweet bulbs eaten raw in midsummer. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 320 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Chippewa Other, Toys & Games Used for toys. Densmore, Frances, 1928, Uses of Plants by the Chippewa Indians, SI-BAE Annual Report #44:273-379, page 378 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cree, Woodlands Drug, Hemostat Poultice of stem pith applied under the dressing to stop bleeding. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified Stem base and roots used for food. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Cree, Woodlands Food, Unspecified Stem base and tender leaf bases eaten fresh as collected by boat. Leighton, Anna L., 1985, Wild Plant Use by the Woods Cree (Nihithawak) of East-Central Saskatchewan, Ottawa. National Museums of Canada. Mercury Series, page 60 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Dakota Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems used to weave into matting. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Dakota Food, Unspecified Fresh, raw stems used for food. Gilmore, Melvin R., 1919, Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region, SI-BAE Annual Report #33, page 69 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Hopi Food, Unspecified Lower end of the stalk eaten raw. Vestal, Paul A, 1940, Notes on a Collection of Plants from the Hopi Indian Region of Arizona Made by J. G. Owens in 1891, Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) 8(8):153-168, page 159 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Snake Bite Remedy Compound decoction of roots and stems used as a poultice for snake bite. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 275 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Iroquois Drug, Tuberculosis Remedy Compound taken for consumption caused by N. luteum. Herrick, James William, 1977, Iroquois Medical Botany, State University of New York, Albany, PhD Thesis, page 275 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Building Material Stems sewn with cord, made into mats and used as interior and exterior walls in house construction. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Building Material Stems used as wall filler in house construction. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding Stems sewn with cord, made into mats & used as rugs, meat platters, cradle linings & sleeping mats. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Food, Unspecified Tender, lower portions of the plant eaten raw. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Other, Ceremonial Items Used to make images representing the deceased in the ceremony for the dead. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |
| Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla Softstem Bulrush USDA SCTA2 |
Kawaiisu Other, Cooking Tools Stems sewn with cord, made into mats & used as rugs, meat platters, cradle linings & sleeping mats. Zigmond, Maurice L., 1981, Kawaiisu Ethnobotany, Salt Lake City. University of Utah Press, page 63 |